诈病者与精神分裂症暴力违法及精神分裂症无违法者MMPI测试分析

目的:探讨诈病者与精神分裂症暴力违法者以及普通精神分裂症无违法者的MMPI特征;分析诈病者与其他两者之间明尼苏达多项人格测定(MMPI)特征性区别。方法:比较司法鉴定诊断为诈病者(20例)与精神分裂症暴力违法者(被控故意杀人和伤害,40例)以及普通精神分裂症患者(无违法者,40例)的MMPI量表分。结果:与暴力违法的精神分裂症患者组比较,诈病组MMPI测试的L,F,Hs,D,Hy,Pd,Pa,Pt,Sc,Si量表分明显高,Ma分值明显低;差异有显著性(P<0.05-P<0.001)。与无违法普通精神分裂症患者组比较,精神分裂症暴力违法组Hs,D,Hy,Pa,Si量表分高,差异有显著性(P<0.05-P<0.001);诈病组L,F,Hs,D,Hy,Pd,Pa,Pt,Sc,Ma,Si量表分高,差异有显著性(P<0.05-P<0.001)。结论:诈病者倾向于过分夸大躯体和精神痛苦以及心理变态症状;精神分裂症患者暴力违法的危险因素可能包括:心理及躯体痛苦、消极沮丧、情绪化、敏感多疑、不安全感。

COMPARISON OF MMPI IN MALINGERERS AND SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT VIOLENT OFFENCES

Objective:To find the personality traits of malingerers and schizophrenic patients with and without violent offences. Methods:MMPI was used to test the personality of 20 malingerers,40 violent offenders with schizophrenia and 40 schizophrenic patients without criminal records. Results:Compared with the violent offenders with schizophrenia, the malingerers had high scores in L,F,Hs,D,Hy,Pd,Pa,Pt,Sc and Si, and low scores in Ma, showing a significant difference(P<0.05-P<0.001). Compared with the schizophrenic patients without criminal records, the violent offenders had high scores in Hs,D,Hy,Pa and Si, indicating a significant difference(P<0.05-P<0.001),and the malingerers had high scores in L,F,Hs,D,Hy,Pd,Pa,Pt,Sc and Si, also showing a significant difference(P<0.05-P<0.001). Conclusion:The malingerers tend to exaggerate their somatic and psychic pain and metaphrenia syndrome. The risk factors of schizophrenic patients becoming violent offenders may also include psychic and somatic pain,passive and depressed mood,sensitive and suspicious personality,emotional instability and insecurity.