肝门胆管癌神经周围侵袭的研究进展

肿瘤的神经周围侵袭（perineural invasion，PNI）是一种特殊的恶性肿瘤转移方式，与肝门胆管癌及胰腺癌等多种恶性肿瘤的不良预后相关。肝门胆管癌肿瘤细胞与神经之间的相互作用主要包括细胞形态改变和分子间相互作用。其微环境中的多种分子包括M3毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体、趋化因子、神经营养因子-β、MicroRNA及LncRNA等在肝门胆管癌及其他肿瘤PNI形成过程中发挥重要作用。探究肝门胆管癌与神经的相互作用，可为揭示肝门胆管癌转移侵袭的机制及优化临床诊疗提供帮助。

Research progress of perineural invasion in hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Perineural invasion(PNI)is considered as a specific way of tumor metastasis,which is related to the poor prognosis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer.The interaction between hilar cholangiocarcinoma tumor cells and nerve mainly includes cell morphological changes and intermolecular interactions.Many molecules in the microenvironment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma,including M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor,chemokine,neurotrophic factor-β,MicroRNA and LncRNA,play an important role in the formation of PNI in hilar cholangiocarcinoma and other tumors.To explore the interaction between hilar cholangiocarcinoma and nerve can help to reveal the mechanism of metastasis of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and optimize clinical diagnosis and treatment.