137例地中海贫血出生相关因素分析

目的:揭示地中海贫血患儿出生相关因素,提出干预措施,为进一步制定地贫预防控制总体规划提供决策参考。方法:对近3年137例地贫儿(45例重型β-地贫、29例中间型β-地贫、32例中间型α-地贫和31例巴氏胎儿水肿综合征)出生相关因素进行调查研究。结果:地贫儿出生相关社会心理因素顺位依次为:基因携带者不知情(70.07%)、经济困难(21.17%)、心理因素(5.11%)、其它(3.65%)。基因携带者对自身情况不知情是本组地贫儿主要出生相关因素,与其它出生相关因素有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:基因携带者自身的认识与重视是预防控制工作的一个重要组成部分,地贫高发区人群携带者(轻型β-地贫、α-地贫特征和静止型携带者)的检出及系统管理是预防控制工作的关键环节,应进一步应用生物、社会及心理的医学模式搞好地贫预防控制工作。

Analysis of irth-related factors of 137 cases of thalassemia

Objective:Pointing out birth-related factors of thalassemic patients in our region,providing basis for making overall plan for prevention and control of thalassemia.Methods:Investigating birth-related factors of 137 cases of thalassemic children(45 cases of β-thalassemia major,29 cases of β-thalassemia intermedia,32 hemoglobin α diseases and 31 hemoglobin Bart's hydrops foetus syndromes)coming from different areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in our hospital in recent 3 years(between 2003 and 2005).Results:Birth-related social and psychological factors of thalassemic patients follow the order:thalassemia carriers' ignorance of risk(70.07%),financial difficulty(21.17 %),psychological factor(5.11%),the others(3.65%).Thalassemia carriers' ignorance of risk was the principal birth-related factor of thalassemic patients.It was significantly different from other birth-related factors(P<0.05).Conclusion:Awareness of thalassemic carriers is one important part of prevention and control of thalassemia.Determination and systemic management of thalassemia carriers(β-thalassemia minor,α-thalassemia trait and silent carrier state)among the people in high frequency region are the key link of prevention and control of thalassemia.It is necessary to further use a biological,social and psychological medical model in the overall plan of prevention and control of thalassemia.