颅脑外科感染假单胞菌培养及其药敏分析

目的研究颅脑外科感染假单胞菌培养及其药物敏感性（药敏）情况。方法调查经病原学检查所证实的医院感染病例56例：细菌鉴定采用由英国制造的细菌鉴定药敏仪；抗菌药物的药敏试验采用微量测定法。结果培养出的13株假单胞菌中铜绿假单胞菌6株，占46．15％；产碱假单胞菌6株，占46．15％；嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌1株。占7．69％。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺堵南敏感率为83．33％；产碱假单胞菌对亚胺培南敏感率为66．67％。均对第三代头孢菌素和喹诺酮类有较高耐药率。结论颅脑外科感染假单胞菌是抢救危重患者的一个严重问题；细菌耐药和交叉耐药的日趋普遍是当前抗感染治疗的困难所在。

Pseudomonas cultivation and analysis of drug sensitivity in neurocranial surgery

Objective To analyze the results of pseudomonas cultivation and drug sensitivity test in neurocranial surgery. Methods Morbidity of nosocomial infections was investigated and etiological examination was performed in 56 cases by bacteria identification and drug sensitivity analyser. The microestimation was adopted in susceptibility test. Results Among 13 strains of pathogens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes and stenotrophomo-nasmaltophilia were 46.15% (6/13), 46.15% (6/13)and 7.69% (1/13) respectively. The result of susceptibility test showed that pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to imipenem (83.33%), pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes was sensitive to imipenem (66.67%). The all bacteria showed a high resistance to the third generation cephalosporin and quinolones. Conclusions Acquired infection of patients in neurocranial surgery is a severe problem encountered in treatment. Bacterial resistance or cross-resistance to antibiotics is more popular in neurocranial surgery, which is the difficulty of modern anti-infective treatment. Abuse of antibiotic is one of the important reasons of leading to resistance or cross-resistance to antibiotics.