少数民族护生对被动吸烟与人群健康相关性认识的调查

目的了解护理专业少数民族学生对被动吸烟与人群健康相关性的认识。方法采用整群抽样调查的方法,对216名本、专科少数民族护生就有关个人一般情况、受被动吸烟危害的现况以及对被动吸烟与人群健康相关性认识等内容进行了问卷调查,应用χ2检验进行分析。结果被调查的少数民族护生中,维吾尔族195人(90.3%),哈萨克族18人(8.3%),其他民族3人(1.4%);72.7%的护生经常受到被动吸烟危害的影响,其影响主要来源于公共场所,为50.3%;对被动吸烟与健康相关性有一定认识,65.0%以上护生认为被动吸烟与(支)气管炎、肺癌等疾病有关,而认为被动吸烟与孕妇流产或早产、心脏病等有关的认知比例较低,分别为31.0%和18.1%;有61.6%的护生认为被动吸烟会严重危害人体健康;不同学历的民族护生对有关控烟的态度不同,差别有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论少数民族护生受公共场所被动吸烟危害影响严重,对被动吸烟与健康相关性认识还存在局限性,对有关控烟态度的赞同率,本科护生明显高于专科护生。应进一步加大有关吸烟危害健康知识的宣传,加强对公共场所实施控烟措施的力度,减少吸烟和被动吸烟,提高人群健康水平。

Investigation on Awareness of Minority Nursing Students about the Correlation between Passive Smoking and the Population Health

[Objective]To understand the awareness of minority nursing students about the correlation between passive smoking and population health[Methods]Cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct questionnaire on 216 minority nursing students from college and vocational school about individual general situation,current status affected by passive smoking,the awareness of the correlation between passive smoking and the population health.The results were analyzed by χ2 test method.[Results]There were 195 Uighur（90.3%）,18 Kazak（8.3%）,other 3 nationalities（1.4%） among all of minority nursing students;72.7% nursing students were often affected by passive smoking,50.3% of them received the harmful influence mostly from public places;they had a certain understanding of the relevance between passive smoking and health.Over 65% nursing students thought that passive smoking was related with（branch） bronchitis,lung cancer and other diseases,moreover little of them knew the relevance between passive smoking and abortion or premature birth of pregnant women,heart disease,the percentage was 31.0%,18.1% and 61.6%,respectively;nursing students with different educational background had different attitude towards smoking control,the difference was significant（P 0.01）.[Conclusion]The minority nursing students are serious affected by passive smoking,they have limited understanding about the correlation between passive smoking and health.Compared with junior college nursing students,more undergraduate nursing students approve of tobacco control.The knowledge propaganda of the health hazards of smoking should be further improved,and the tobacco control in public places should be strengthened to reduce smoking and passive smoking,and improve the level of population health.