银川市2004-2010年5种呼吸道传染病发病季节性集中趋势分析

目的探讨银川市5种呼吸道传染病发病的季节分布规律,探索研究方法,摸清集中趋势,为制定监测与防治策略提供科学依据。方法应用集中度分析方法对银川市2004-2010年流行性腮腺炎、麻疹、风疹、猩红热和肺结核等5种呼吸道传染病季节分布变化趋势,并与常规线状曲线图分析法进行对比分析。结果风疹的发病时间具有很强的季节性,高发于4～6月;麻疹发病有较强的季节性,4～5月多发;猩红热、流行性腮腺炎发病也存在一定季节性,猩红热5～6月、流行性腮腺炎5～7月发生相对较多;肺结核发病全年分布较均匀,季节性不明显。急性呼吸道传染病较慢性呼吸道传染病发病更具季节性集中趋势。结论应用集中趋势数据化测算,摸清了银川市麻疹等常见呼吸道传染病的季节性特征,对在季节高峰前全面做好防控准备工作,以采取有效措施降低发病率,控制传染病的发生与流行具有一定的参考价值。

Analysis of Seasonal Characteristics of Respiratory Infectious Diseases from 2004 to 2010 in Yinchuan

Objective To explore the characteristics of several respiratory infectious diseases in Yinchuan district of Ningxia and to to provide scientific basis for the surveillance,prevention and control of the diseases.Methods Concentration method were employed to analyze the seasonal characteristics of several respiratory infectious diseases such as mumps,measles,rubella,scarlet fever and tuberculosis from 2004 to 2010 in Yinchuan.Results were compared with those conventional linear curve method did.Results This study showed that occurrence of rubella was obviously seasonal in Yinchuan and the peak incidence was from April to June;There was a certain seasonality in the prevalence of measles,scarlet fever,mumps;The peak incidence was from April to May,May to June,May to July,respectively;But tuberculosis had poor seasonality.Chronic respiratory infectious diseases showed less seasonality than acute respiratory infectious diseases did.Conclusion Different measures should be taken based on the characteristics of seasonal distribution of specific infectious diseases before the seasonal peak for the effective prevention and control of the diseases.