重庆市北碚区出生缺陷人群监测及一级干预模式分析

目的探索建立出生缺陷人群监测体系，获取以人群监测为基础的出生缺陷数据，同时进行出生缺陷一级干预以提高出生人口素质。方法研究制定以村、社区为基础的、利用计划生育服务机构三级网络开展出生缺陷人群监测的方案，发现、收集、分析出生缺陷的病例，并进行一级干预。结果建立了以区、镇（街道）、村（社区）计划生育技术服务网络为基础的三级出生缺陷人群监测干预体系，获得了我区出生缺陷监测和一级干预的相关数据，探讨了一条由计划生育服务网络为依托的出生缺陷人群监测和干预模式。通过上述模式监测到北碚区2005～2009年出生缺陷发生率波动在5．5‰-3．32‰之间；出生缺陷排前三位的是先天性心脏病（27．91％）、唇腭裂（19．77％）、多指（12．79％）；出生缺陷发生率农村多于城市（67／19，P〈0．05）。结论利用计划生育三级服务网络进行系统的，长期的，动态的出生缺陷人群监测和综合干预，使出生缺陷监测与干预更直接、广泛、全面。出生缺陷监测干预的重点在农村。

Analysis of the birth defects intervention of Beibei Districtin in monitoring and primary Chongqing Municipality

Objective To study the monitoring system of birth defects and to obtain the data of birth defects based on the crowd monitoring, to proceed the primary intervention of birth defects in order to improve the birth population quality. Methods The monitoring project system of birth defects by three - level network of birth control service agency on the basis of the village and commune was studied, in which the cases with birth defects were searched and analyzed and the primary intervention was taken measured. Results The three - staged system on monitoring and intervention of birth defects depending on the family planning technology service network of the district, town and village had been established and obtained the relevant data of the birth defects monitoring. The primary intervention had been carried out. Thus the monitoring and intervention model of the birth defects supported by the birth control service network. The first three birth defects were congenital heart disease, cleft lip and palate and polydactylism. Conclusion The more direct and comprehensive birth defects monitoring and intervention could be achieved through systematic, long - term and dynamic monitoring and synthetical intervention of the birth defects by the three - staged network of birth control. The key place is the village.