贫困大学生社会支持与人格发展的关系研究

目的考察贫困大学生人格发展与社会支持的现状,探讨其人格与社会支持的关系。方法采用大五人格问卷简化版（NEO-FFI）和社会支持量表（SSRS）作为测查工具,对湖南省6所高校大学生进行调查,对其中409名贫困大学生与抽取的457名非贫困大学生进行分析。结果贫困大学生在神经质、责任心特质上和朋友支持、居住环境、经济支持来源及参与活动情况上与非贫困大学生存在显著差异;客观支持、支持利用度、人格的经验开放性在贫困大学生的性别、专业和年级上主效应或交互作用显著;贫困大学生神经质因子与社会支持及各因子均为显著负相关,人格的其余各因子除经验开放性与责任心因子与社会支持的利用度相关不显著外,其余与社会支持总分、主观支持、客观支持均呈显著正相关;外倾性和责任心是社会支持的主要预测因素。结论贫困大学生相对非贫困大学生具有高神经质、高责任心的人格特质,贫困大学生的人格与社会支持具有性别和专业差异,人格特质对社会支持有一定的预测作用。

Relationship between Personality and Social Support in Impoverished Undergraduates

Objective To investigate the state of personality and social support of impoverished undergraduates, and to explore the relation between personality and social support . Methods A total of 1476 college students from 6 colleges in Hunan Province were investigated with NEO-FFI and SSRS, 409 impoverished undergraduate were selected as study group and 457 non-impoverished undergraduate as control group. Results The scores of neuroticism, conscientiousness and the scores of companion support, habitual environment, economy support ,the status of participate in movement had significant differences between two groups. As to impoverished undergraduate there existed main effect or interaction in gender, majors and grades among external support, the utility of support of social support and the openness of personality. There was negative correlation between the neuroticism of personality and the total of social support and all of the dimensions. The dimensions of personality and the total of social support and all of the dimensions were positive correlation except that there were no significant correlation between the openness, conscien- tiousness of personality and the utility of social support. The extraversion and conscientiousness of personality were the main forecast factors for social support. Conclusion Impoverished undergraduate had higher neuroticism and conscientiousness than nonimpoverished undergraduate. There were gender and majors differences between personality and social support among impoverished undergraduate. In certain extent, the personality could forecast the status of the social support.