综合医院住院病人精神障碍调查

目的了解综合医院住院患者焦虑、抑郁、疑病、躯体化等精神障碍及其相关因素。方法采用自编的一般情况调查表,医院焦虑、抑郁量表（HAD）,焦虑自评量表（SAS）,抑郁自评量表（SDS）和症状自评量表（SCL-90）对综合医院住院患者1278例进行调查评定,筛查后再进行精神科诊断。结果综合医院住院患者的焦虑、抑郁总粗分显著高于正常人群（P〈0.05）,且SAS总粗分高于正常人群上限者占40.69%,SDS总粗分高于正常人群上限者占35.99%,既有焦虑又有抑郁症状者占总调查人数的25.01%。焦虑抑郁症状与患者的年龄,患者对疾病的认识,社会支持系统均有关。医院住院患者的SCL-90总分、均分,9项因子分显著高于常模（P〈0.05）。结论综合医院住院患者中存在较多的焦虑、抑郁、疑病和躯体化等精神症状,住院患者的整个心理健康状况较差,综合医院医生识别精神症状率低。

Investigation on Mental Disorders of Inpatients in General Hospital

Objective To learn about anxiety, depression, hypochondriasis, somatization and other mental disorders and related factors of inpatients in general hospital. Methods The general state questionnaire, hospital anxiety and depression scale （HAD）, self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depression scale （SDS） and symptom checklis （SCL-90） were used to investigate, evaluate and screen 1278 cases of general hospital inpatients before making up the psychodiagnosis. Results The general hospital inpatients scored apparently higher in anxiety and depression than normal population （P〈0.05）. Both SAS total coarse score of 40.69% inpatients and SDS total coarse score of 35.99% inpatients exceeded the upper limit of normal population. About 25.01% inpatients suffered from anxiety and depression symptoms. Anxiety and depression symptoms were related with patients＇ age, the patients＇ understanding of the disease and social support systems. The SCL-90 total score,average score and nine factors score of inpatients were apparently higher than those of normal model （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The majority of general hospital inpatients have anxiety, depression, hypochondriasis, somatization and other psychiatric symptoms. The inpatients have poor mental health status. General hospital doctors have low cognitive level about psychiatric symptoms of inpatients.