抑郁障碍患者及Ⅰ级亲属的认知功能研究

目的探讨抑郁障碍患者的认知功能特点,以及认知功能障碍是否为抑郁障碍的候补内表型。方法选择符合美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版（DSM-）诊断标准的抑郁障碍患者、患者级亲属及健康志愿者各71例,分别使用词汇学习测验,故事复述测验,图形临摹及线条定位测验,语义流畅性测验,编码测验,词汇,故事图形回忆测验,以及威斯康星卡分类测验,进行认知功能测评。结果患者组的词汇学习,故事复述,图形临摹,线条定位,语义流畅,编码测验,词汇回忆,故事回忆,图形临摹回忆,WCST完成分类数均比正常对照组差（P〈0.05和P〈0.001）。级亲属组的词汇学习,故事复述,图形临摹,线条定位,语义流畅,编码测验,词汇回忆,故事回忆,图形临摹回忆,WCST完成分类数,WCST正确应答数明显低于正常对照组,WCST持续错误数明显高于正常对照组（P〈0.05和P〈0.001）。级亲属组与患者组在词汇学习,故事复述,图形临摹,线条定位,语义流畅,编码测验,词汇回忆,故事回忆,图形临摹回忆,WCST总应答数,WCST正确应答数,持续错误数,非持续错误数,差别无统计学意义。结论抑郁障碍患者及其级亲属均存在认知功能的损害,认知功能可以作为抑郁障碍的候补内表型。

Study of Cognitive Function among Depressive Patients and their First Degree Relatives

Objective To explore the cognitive function of depressive patients,and whether cognitive dysfunction is a candidate endophenotype of depression . Methods All of the subjects were assessed by list learning, story memory, figure copy, line orien- tation, semantic fluency, coding, list recognition , story recall, figure recall and wiconsin card sorting test （WCST）. Results （1） In comparison with the control group, significant defects on list learning, story memory, figure copy, line orientation, semantic fluency, coding, list recognition, story recall, figure recall and WCST classification were found in the depressive patients （P〈0. 05 and P〈0. 001）. （2）There were significant differences on list learning, story memory, figure copy , line orientation, semantic fluency, coding, list recognition, story recall, figure recall and WCST classification, correct, continuous errors between the con- trois and first degree relatives of patients（P〈0. 05 and P〈0. 001）. （3）There were no significant differences on list learning, story memory figure copy, line orientation, semantic fluency, coding, list recognition, story recall, figure recall, wcsT classification, correct between the first degree relatives of depressive patients and depressive patients. Conclusion Both the depressive patients and the first degree relatives of depressive patients exhibit cognitive impairment. Cognitive function is one possible candidate en- dophenotype for depression.