改良口腔护理对脑卒中患者相关性肺炎的预防效果

目的比较传统口腔护理与改良口腔护理对脑卒中患者相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia,SAP)的预防效果。方法便利抽样法选取2012年1-7月在鼓楼医院神经内科住院治疗的脑卒中患者80例为研究对象,按入院时间的先后将其分成观察组和对照组,每组40例。对照组患者进行传统口腔护理,而观察组患者采用改良的口腔护理方法,即在常规口腔护理后,用止血钳缠绕20cm×30cm的无菌纱布环形擦拭咽喉部,比较两组患者口腔护理前后的咽拭子细菌培养结果及SAP的发生率。结果咽拭子细菌培养结果显示,观察组患者口腔护理有效率(90.0%)高于对照组(67.5%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.050,P0.05);80例患者发生SAP 19例,其中观察组5例,对照组14例,两组患者SAP发生率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.591,P0.05)。结论改良口腔护理方法可有效减少脑卒中患者口咽部细菌生长,降低SAP发生率。

The Effect of Improved Oral Care in the Prevention of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia

Objective To compare the traditional oral care and investigate the effect of improved oral care in the prevention of stroke-associated pneumonia （SAP）. Methods Totally 80 patients with stroke from the department of internal neurology were randomly divided into two groups, with 40 patients in each group. The control group were had traiditional oral care and observation group were had improved oral care, as after the routine oral care, using hemostatic forceps twining round 20 cm × 30 cm sterile gauze to roundly wipe throat. The change of oral pharynx bacterium and the incidence of SAP were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the traditional group, the effectiveness of oral care in the observation group （90 %） was statistically better than the traditional group（67.5 %） （x2 = 6.050, P 〈0.05）. Of all the 19 cases with SAP, 5 cases were found in the observation group, while 14 cases were in the tra- ditional group. There was significant difference in the incidence of SAP between the two groups （X2= 5.591,P〈0.05）. Conclusion The improved oral care could suppress the growth of bacterium of oral phar- ynx and decrease the incidence of SAP.