973例乳腺癌患病相关危险因素分析

目的通过对乳腺癌患者临床资料进行调查分析，了解其临床流行病学特征，探讨女性乳腺癌发病的相关因素，为乳腺癌的临床诊治以及预防提供依据。方法收集2008年1月—2012年12月经组织学确诊为原发性乳腺癌患者973例作为观察组，选择同期体检的健康女性962例作为对照组，采用统一的问卷调查收集乳腺癌发生的相关因素，行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析，探讨与乳腺癌的发病有关的危险因素。结果单因素分析显示被动吸烟、文化程度、职业、月经规律、哺乳时间、流产次数、乳腺癌家族史、定期锻炼、负性生活事件与乳腺癌相关（P〈0．05），多因素Logistic回归分析发现被动吸烟（P=0．041，OR=1．468）、流产次数多（P=0．005，OR=4．017）、乳腺癌家族史（P=0．008，OR=2．479）和负性生活事件（P=0．012，OR=2．179）是乳腺癌发生的独立危险因素，而母乳喂养（P=0．006，OR=0．815）是乳腺癌发生的保护性因素。结论乳腺癌的发生与生活环境、家族史、女性生理生育、精神心理因素等综合作用的结果，应当根据不同患者采取有针对性的预防措施。

Analysis of risk factors on 973 patients with breast cancer

Objective The aim was to analyze the breast cancer patients,to explore the related risk factors that affect the occurrence of breast cancer,and to provide reference for the prevention of breast cancer. Methods 973 patients with his- topathologically proved breast cancer from Jan. 2008 to Oct. 2012 and 162 healthy females were enrolled at the same time. All data were collected with unified questionnaire and analyzed with logistic regression for risk factors. Results Active smoking and or passive smoking, family history of breast cancer and stimulus quantity of life event, frequent abortion, breast-feeding, sports, professional, a high degree of cultural contact with harmful substances were revealed as risk factors of female breast cancer according to single factor analysis ; Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that active smoking and or passive smoking（ P = 0.041, OR = 1. 468 ）, frequent abortion （ P = 0. 004, OR = 4. 017 ）, family history of breast cancer（ P = 0. 008, OR = 2. 479 ）, stimulus quantity of life event（ P = 0.012, OR = 2. 179 ） were significantly asso- ciated with female breast cancer. While breast-feeding（ P = 0.006, OR = 0. 815 ） was proved as protective factors. Conclu- sion The occurrence of breast cancer was closely related to patients living environment, menstrual and fertility, family history, dietary factors and psychological factors,its prevention should be taken with a targeted comprehensive measures.