声诺维超声造影观察晚孕孕鼠胎盘超微结构改变的初步研究

目的探讨妊娠晚期Wister大鼠超声造影后胎盘组织超微结构的变化。方法将妊娠晚期Wister大鼠60只随机分为3组（每组20只）。对照组：经尾静脉注射生理盐水2．0ml／kg；高剂量组：注射声诺维剂量为23．6mg／kg（2．0ml／kg，11．8mg／m1）；低剂量组：注射声诺维剂量为0．236mg／kg（2．0ml／kg，0．118mg／m1）。采用Acuson Sequoia512型超声诊断仪，观察60只孕鼠注射造影剂后造影过程。于造影后即刻随机选取45只孕鼠（每组15只）剖检胎盘组织；并于造影后12h分别剖检其余15只孕鼠（每组5只）胎盘组织，电镜观察各组孕鼠胎盘超微结构变化。结果（1）60只孕鼠超声造影全程未见脐血管和胎鼠显影；电镜下见对照组及低剂量组孕鼠胎盘屏障结构完整清晰，而高剂量组胎盘合体滋养层细胞胞质内溶酶体数目增多，内质网扩张，基质内可见糖原沉积等超微结构改变；（2）注射声诺维12h后，对照组和低剂量组10只孕鼠（每组5只）胎盘组织超微结构与同组注射造影剂后即刻取检的45只孕鼠（每组15只）的胎盘组织超微形态结构比较无显著病理变化。高剂量组孕鼠胎盘组织电镜下见仅见基底膜层稍增厚。结论低剂量造影剂声诺维用于孕晚期大鼠胎盘造影是安全的，本研究为产科临床应用声诺维提供了对超微结构影响的依据。

The primary study on effects of the placental ultrastructure of the late trimester of pregnant rats by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography

Objective To observe the changes in placental uhrastructure of the late trimester of pregnant rats by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Methods The sixty pregnant rats in the late trimester were randomised to be classified into three experimental groups （20 rats/each group）. The control group： saline solution （2.0 ml/kg） was injected through the tail vein; The high dose group： SonoVue 23.6 mg/kg （2.0 ml/kg, 11.8 mg/ml） was injected through the tail vein; The low dose group： SonoVue 0. 236 mg/kg （2.0 ml/kg, 0. 118 mg/ml） was injected through the tail vein. Acuson Sequoia 512 was used to observe the process. In each group, the fifteen tissue slices of placenta of pregnant rat were randomly collected for electron microscope investigation soon after the contrast-enhanced uhrasonography and the other five were collected after 12 hours. Results （ 1 ） By the contrast-enhanced uhrasonography, the umbilical vessel and the fetus were not visualized. By electron microscope, tissues which were collected soon after the contrast-enhanced uhrasonography showed the structure of placental membrane was clear and intact in the control and low dose group; Increasing cytolysosome, enlargement of rough endoplasmic reticulum, glycogen deposition were found in high dose group. （2） Tissues which were collected soon after 12 hours showed there were no significant pathological change in control and low dose group compared to those tissues collected immediately. The thickened basement membrane was observed in high dose group. Conclusion It is safe to perform the contrast-enhanced uhrasonography with low dose for the late trimester of pregnant rats, which provide ultramicro-evidence for safety of SonoVue used in obstetrics.