脂肪乳剂对大鼠脂代谢及肝组织学的影响

目的：观察脂肪乳剂对大鼠脂代谢及肝组织学的影响。方法：40只大鼠随机分成4组。行模拟手术后，对照组予以标准颗粒饲料喂养，3个实验组均行颈静脉插管，连续TPN5d。其中全糖组全由葡萄糖供能，10%Intralipid(IL)组和20%IL10%IL组血浆总胆固醇和游离胆固醇明显升高，并出现大量LPX，除20%IL组出现少量LPX外，其他各组各项血脂指标均未见改变，3个实验组均见不同程度的肝细胞脂肪浸润和轻度胆汁淤积。结论：（1）甘油三酯能较快代谢廓清，脂肪乳剂中过剩磷脂易致高脂血症。（2）葡萄糖和脂肪双能源提供热卡可减少肝脂肪浸润的发生。（3）禁食可能是TPN后胆汁淤积发生的重要原因。

Effect of Fat Emulsion on Lipid Metabolism and Hepatic Histologic Feature in Rats

Objective: To study effect of fat emulsion on lipid metabolism and hepatic histologic feature in rats. Methods: 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups. The control rats were sham-operated and given standard pelleted diet. In three treatment groups of rats, i.e. glucose,10% and 20% Intralipid(IL),the jugular vein was catheterized and a specially formulated TPN solution was infused for 5 days. In the glucose treatment group , calories were supplied totally by glucose, while in other two group 40% calories were supplied by 10% IL and 20% IL respectively. Glucose: fat ratio is 1.5:1. After 5 days, plasma lipid were assayed and histologic changes of livers were studied. Results: Plasma total cholesterol(TCH), free cholesterol(FCH)increased and lipoprotein X (LPX) accumulated in the 10% IL group, but there was no marked change in other groups. Liver microscopy showed fatty infiltration of hepatocytes to some extent and a mild cholestasis in three experimental groups. Conclusions: Triglyceride may be cleared from plasma quickly,excess phosphlipids in fat emulsion may induce hyperlipidemia. That calories were supplied by each of glucose and lipid may decrease fatty infiltration of liver. Fast may be an important cause of cholestasis following TPN.