Resistive Training Maintains Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women |
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Authors: | A S Ryan M S Treuth G R Hunter D Elahi |
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Institution: | (1) Division of Gerontology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, and Geriatrics Service/GRECC Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA, US;(2) USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA, US;(3) Department of Health Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA, US |
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Abstract: | We examined the effects of a total body resistive training program (RT) on total and regional bone mineral density (BMD)
in older women. Twenty-seven healthy postmenopausal women (mean age 62 ± 1 years) participated in a strength training program
three times/week for 16 weeks. Strength was assessed before and after training by either one or three repetition maximum (1RM
and 3RM) tests. Both upper and lower body strength significantly increased by 36–65% and 32–98%, respectively, after training.
There was a small but significant decrease in body weight and body mass index after training (P < 0.05), with no change in the waist-to-hip ratio. BMD, assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, did not change over
the duration of the training period in the anterioposterior spine (L2–L4), femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and greater trochanter. BMD of the total body, lateral spine (B2–B4), and the regions of the radius (1/3 radius and ultradistal radius) also did not fall in subsets of these women. Muscular
strength of both the leg and chest press were significantly associated with L2–L4, femoral neck, Ward's triangle, and greater trochanter BMD (range r = 0.57–0.84, all P < 0.005). Markers of bone turnover, namely, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and urinary aminoterminal cross-linked
telopeptide of type I collagen did not change significantly. In conclusion, a resistive training program maintains BMD and
improves muscular strength in healthy, older women. This may be important in preventing the negative health outcomes associated
with the age-related loss of bone density.
Received 5 June 1996 / Accepted: 26 June 1997 |
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Keywords: | : Bone turnover — Exercise — Strength — Osteoporosis — Aging |
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