乙型肝炎基因重组疫苗免疫效果及持久性观察

目的 探讨乙肝基因重组疫苗对新生儿的免疫效果及免疫持久性。方法 随机选择珠海市1999～2003年出生、母亲HBsAg阴性、严格按免疫程序及时全程完成3针基础国产基因重组乙肝疫苗（5ug）的儿童，按免疫后不同的时间段分成6组，采集静脉血分别进行抗-HBs、HBsAg和抗-HBc检测。结果 抗-HBs有效阳性率（≥10mlU／ml）、几何平均滴度（GMT）逐年下降，分别由基础免疫完成后1个月的95，45％和65．36mlU／ml，降至4年后的38．27％和6．56mlU／ml，免疫1年后的下降率最为显著。及时完成3针基础乙肝疫苗免疫后各不同时间段的儿童HBsAg阳性率均不超过1％，抗-HBc阳性率和HBV感染率均小于2％，未见随年限延长而增张的趋势。结论 基因重组乙肝疫苗在新生儿中免疫效果良好，存在较好的免疫持久性和保护效果，在全程免疫后5年内没有必要进行加强。

Study on Immune Effect and Persistence of Recombinant Yeast - derived Hepatitis B Vaccine

Objective To understand the immunization efficacy and durability of the DNA recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine.Methods One thaousand and ninety newborns from 1999 through 2003 were randomly selected in Zhuhai.They had immunized with full course of the DNA recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine;based on the duration after immunization divided into six groups.Their serum HBsAg,anti-HBc and anti-HBs were detected by ELISA.Results The positive rate of anti-HBs was 95.45%,the geometric mean titres(GMT) were 29.21mIU/ml initially after their basic vaccination,which were declined 4 years later to 38.27% and 6.56mIU/ml,and showed a progressive decline trend that were most evident during the first post-vaccination year. The positive rates of HBsAg remained less than 1%,anti-HBc positive rate and infection rate of HBV remained less than 2% after vaccination,however.Conclusion The protective efficacy of recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccine in newborn is satisfactory,which have long-term immunization memory and need not to receive booster immunization within 5 years after basic vaccination.