助产士职业性身心损害的调查与对策

目的探讨助产士职业性损害、职业防护现状及其助产士对相关防护知识的掌握情况，提出预防职业性身心损害的对策。方法对3家三级甲等医院共220名助产士进行问卷调查、统计分析，并提出改变工作流程，防止意外损害，提出防范职业危害的措施。结果助产士职业性损害主要集中在医疗利器剌伤，生物性污染、空气污染，其发生率超过60％；与心理状态相关因素包括工作压力大，精神过度紧张，容易导致不安与失眠；口罩和手套使用率较高；分别为90％和92．7％，护目镜使用率低于34％；对职业性防护的知晓率不高，重视不够。结论助产士职业相关性身心损害有较高的发生率，但并不引起本身的重视，采取相应措施减轻工作强度、增强助产士的自我防护意识、改善工作条件、优化工作环境，并定期进行安全防护知识教育，可有效减少职业性身心损害的发生。

Investigation to the occupational physical and mental impair of the nurse-midwife and the countermeasure discussion

Objective To investigate the occupational physical and mental impair, protection status and the related protection knowledge master status, and to come up with the strategy. Methods 220 nurse-midwives in 3 third-A Hospitals received the questionnaire examination, and the measurements about the flow-sheet alternation, accident occurrence and occupational hazard prevention were brought out. Results The occupational hazards mainly focus on cutlery instrument puncture, biological pollution, air pollution and the occurrence rate was more than 60%. The correlation factor were delivery pressure, overstress. The mouth-muffle and gloves use rates were 90% and 92.7%, but the use rate of eyes protector was lower than 34%. Much more attention should be paid. Conclusions The occupational physical and mental impair rate of nurse-midwife was high, and the work intensity reduction, protection awareness strengthen and working condition improvement could reduce the occurrence rate of occupational hazard.