531名军校预选卫生士官中医体质调查分析☆简

目的调查某军校首批预选卫生士官中医体质状况和类型特征，为推进和保障预选士官学员教育提供流行病学调查数据的支持。方法按照《中医体质分类与判定》标准，采用横断面抽样调查的方法，对某军校531名首批预选卫生士官进行中医体质状况的流行病学调查，分析其与地方院校大学生的体质差异以及兼夹体质情况。结果531名被调查者中，按偏颇体质标准分最大值法，平和质、气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质、湿热质、血瘀质、气郁质、特禀质分别为285、66、15、39、37、44、11、20、14例。平和质与8种偏颇体质呈负相关，偏颇体质之间呈正相关。体质相兼的前3位是气虚质与痰湿质、气虚质与阴虚质、阴虚质与痰湿质。偏颇体质的前4位是气虚质（156例）、痰湿质（124例）、湿热质（114例）、阴虚质（95例）。结论首批军校预选卫生士官学员中，64％为单纯体质和“基本是”单纯偏颇体质，36％为兼夹体质，兼夹体质现象客观存在。其中气郁质、痰湿质明显低于全国部分地区和同龄大学生人群的水平，军校培养模式值得进一步探讨。

Investigation and Analysis on Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Types of 531 Preliminary Medical Sergeants in A Military University

Objective To investigate the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） conditions and constitution types of the first batch of preliminary medical sergeants in a military university, to make the epidemiological support to promote and ensure the education for the medical sergeants. Methods The epidemiology of the TCM constitution types in 531 preliminary medical sergeants were investigated by the cross-sectional sampling method according to the Standard of Clas sification and Determination of Constitution in TCM and compared with other university students. Results According to the maximal standardized scores of imbalanced constitutions, 285, 66, 15, 39, 37, 44, 11, 20 and 14 volunteers had balanced constitution, qi-deficiency constitution, yang-deficiency constitution, yin-deficiency constitution, phlegm-dampness constitution, hea〉dampness constitution, blood stasis constitution, qi-stagnation constitution, and inherited special con- stitution respectively. Balanced constitution was negatively correlated with eight imbalanced constitutions, and the imbalanced constitutions had positive pairwise correlations. The composite constitutions in the first three positions were qi-deficiency constitution complicated with phlegrn dampness constitution, qi-deficiency constitution complicated with yin-deficiency constitution, and yin-deficiency constitution complicated with phlegm-dampness constitution. The imbalanced con stitutions in the first four positions were qi deficiency constitution （156 cases）, phlegm-dampness constitution （124 ca ses）, heat dampness constitution （114 cases） and yin-deficiency constitution （95 cases）. Conclusion In the first batch of preliminary medical sergeants in a military university, 64 percent have normal constitution types and 36 percent have ab normal constitution types with two or more types of abnormal constitutions. The levels of qi-stagnation constitution and phlegm-dampness constitution are significantly lower than the population in the other regions and the university students with same ages. The cultivation model of military university needs further research.