甲状腺功能紊乱对男女生殖系统的影响

甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退是常见的甲状腺功能紊乱疾病,甲状腺功能紊乱会导致男女不孕不育,目前研究机制包括：（1）甲状腺功能紊乱会影响男女性激素水平,甲状腺功能亢进会引起卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、性激素结合蛋白（SHBG）、雌二醇（E2）、睾酮（TT）升高,甲状腺功能减退会引起泌乳素（PRL）升高,E2、TT水平的降低;（2）甲状腺激素对性腺有一定作用,高剂量的甲状腺激素会对卵巢、睾丸产生损坏作用,进而影响其功能;（3）甲状腺功能紊乱造成女性月经紊乱、排卵异常、男女性功能异常、心理异常,造成性生活不满意.因此,正常的甲状腺功能有助于维持生殖系统的稳定,甲状腺功能紊乱的患者需提前治疗,这将会提高受孕率,降低流产率、死胎率.

The influence of thyroid dysfunction in male and female reproductive system

Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism are common thyroid dysfunction disease. Thyroid dysfunction can cause infertility, the present study mechanism includes ： （ 1 ） The thyroid dysfunction affects sex hormone levels. For example, hyperthyroidism increases hor- mone such as SHBG, E2, FSH, LH and qT, while, hypothyroidism can cause PRL, E2 and TF to lower level; （2） Thyroid hormone can effect the gonad function. High dose of thyroid hormones are damage to ovarian and testicular; （3） Thyroid dysfunction can cause men- strual disorders, ovulation disorder, sexual function and abnormal psychology, which will be related to sexual life. So, normal thyroid func- tion can maintain the stability of the reproductive system. The thyroid dysfunction patients need early treatment, which will be contribute to improve conception rate and reduce the abortion or stillbirth rate.