慢性透析患者脑血管并发症的临床研究

目的 探讨慢性透析患者脑血管并发症的临床特征及影响因素。方法 回顾分析1224例慢性血液透析患者中并发脑血管意外病例的临床资料。结果 1.慢性透析患者脑血管意外的发病率依次为:脑血栓形成、脑出血、脑栓塞;2.高龄透析患者及糖尿病患者脑血管意外发病率明显增加;3.25例并发脑血管意外的透析患者透析病程中有24例有高血压;4.脑出血及脑栓塞发生率低于脑血栓形成,但预后差;5.存活患者多伴有不同程度的后遗症。结论 随着高龄透析患者、糖尿病肾病透析患者和长期透析病例的增加,脑血管意外发病率明显增加;高血压是慢性透析患者发生脑血管意外的重要危险因素;加强慢性透析患者脑血管并发症的研究与认识,减少慢性透析患者脑血管意外并发症的发病率,对提高慢性透析患者的生活质量和长期存活率具有重要意义。

Clinical study of complications in chronic dialysis patients

Objective To study the clinical characters and risk factors of cerebrovascular accident in chronic dialysis patients. Methods Clinical data of 1224 chronic hemodialysis patients with cerebrovascular accident were retrospectively analyzed. Results l. The incidence of cerebrovascular accident in chronic dialy-sis orderly was: cerebral thrombosis, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral embolism; 2. The incident of cerebrovascular accident was highly increased in aged dialysis patients and diabetes patients; 3. 24 patients of the 25 dialvsis patients with cerebrovascular accident suffered hvpertension in the course; 4. The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral embolism were lower than that of cerebral thrombosis, but the prognosis of the for-mer was worse; 5. Variant degrees of sequelas were seen among survival patients. Conclusions Following the increasing number of aged dialvsis patients and diabetes patients, the incidence of cerebrovascular accident was increased; hypertension is the important risk factor to chronic dialysis patients with cerebrovascular accident. It is important to strengthen the study and realization of cerebrovascular complications in dialysis patients, reduce the morbidity of cerebrovascular complications, in order to improve survival rate of chronic dial-ysis patients.