温州市苍南县灵溪镇学龄前儿童膳食营养调查结果分析

目的：了解温州市苍南县灵溪镇学龄前儿童营养和健康状况，对制定合理膳食的干预措施提供参考。方法用记账法对2218例3～6岁的幼儿园儿童的膳食营养状况进行调查，根据WHO推荐的标准评价体格发育情况，统计常见病的患病率。结果儿童膳食营养素中，钙、锌、维生素A的每天平均摄入量不足每日推荐供给量（ RDA）的80％，平均优质蛋白质的摄入量占总蛋白质摄入量的44．5％。儿童的低体重检出率为0．99％，发育迟缓率为0．99％，消瘦率为0．81％，超重率为8．48％，肥胖率为6．99％。与2008年全国营养调查结果相比，低体重率和发育迟缓率均明显降低（χ2值分别为5．327和4．495，均P＜0．05）；2218例儿童中，贫血、佝偻病、龋齿和视力低下的检出率分别为3．97％（88/2218）、0．18％（4/2218）、82．10％（1821/2218）和3．47％（77/2218）。结论温州市苍南县灵溪镇学龄前儿童发育状况良好，但存在营养素摄入不足的问题，应加强对幼儿园膳食营养的指导和监督。

Investigation on nutrition and health status of preschool children in Lingxi Town of Cangnan County in Wenzhou City

Objective To understand the nutrition and health status of preschool children in Lingxi town, Cangnan County in Wenzhou City, so as to give suggestions for interventions on reasonable dietary.Methods Nutrition survey including physical measurement evaluated according to the criteria suggested by WHO and dietary investigation was carried out in 2 218 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years.The prevalence of common diseases was counted.Results Intake of calcium, zinc and retinal was lower than 80% recommended daily allowances （ RDA ） .Intake of high-quality protein accounted 44.5% of total protein.The rates of underweight, stunting, wasting, overweight and obesity children were 0.99%, 0.99%, 0.81%, 8.48%and 6.99%, respectively.The rates of stunting and underweight children were significantly lower than those in 2008 （χ2 value was 5.327and 4.495, respectively, both P〈0.05）.The prevalences of anemia, rachitis, dental caries and low eyesight were 3.97% （88/2 218）,0.18% （4/2 218）, 82.10% （1 821/2 218） and 3.47%（77/2 218）, respectively.Conclusion The health status and development is good, but the nutrients intake is insufficient.Guidance and supervision on nutrition provided by kindergartens should be strengthened.