不同程度的 PIH 对妊娠结局的影响

目的：探讨不同程度妊娠期高血压综合征疾病（ PIH）对妊娠结局的影响。方法将南京市妇幼保健院2008年12月至2013年1月期间收治的256例妊娠期高血压综合征孕妇作为观察组，并选取同期住院的正常妊娠孕妇256例作为对照组，分别就观察组和对照组、不同程度观察组的妊娠结局进行回顾性分析研究。结果在256例观察组产妇中，妊娠期高血压、轻度子痫前期、重度子痫前期分别占49．61％、28．13％、22．27％。观察组产妇早产、剖宫产、胎盘早剥、产后出血、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、围产儿死亡及低体重出生儿的发生率显著高于对照组（χ2值分别为13．20、88．44、6．07、8．15、9．31、33．12、4．03、12．60，均P＜0．05）。子痫前期组孕妇早产、剖宫产、胎盘早剥、产后出血、胎儿出现窘迫、新生儿发生窒息、围产儿死亡及低体重出生儿的发生率明显高于妊娠期高血压组，经比较差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为22．03、49．37、13．63、55．06、20．89、66．25，7．25，19．52，均P＜0．05）。结论妊娠期高血压综合征疾病对母婴健康有严重影响，而且程度越重，对妊娠结局影响越大。大力普及孕期保健知识，早发现、早诊断、早治疗，及早控制病情，可有效改善母婴预后。

Influence of different severity of PIH on pregnancy outcomes

Objective To analyze the influence of different severity of pregnancy-induced hypertension （ PIH） on pregnancy outcomes. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on the pregnancy outcomes of 256 cases with PIH admitted in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital from December 2008 to January 2013 as observation group and 256 pregnant women selected at the same hospital and period as the control group.The pregnancy outcomes of different groups were analyzed.Results Among the observation group, gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia occupied 49.61%, 28.13%and 22.27%, respectively.The observation group had higher incidence of prematurity, cesarean section, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, perinatal mortality and low birth weight than the control group （χ2 value was 13.20, 88.44, 6.07, 8.15, 9.31, 33.12, 4.03 and 12.60, respectively, all P〈0.05）.Compared with PIH group, the incidence of prematurity, cesarean section, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, perinatal mortality and low birth weight was significantly higher in preeclampsia group （χ2 value was 22.03, 49.37, 13.63, 55.06, 20.89, 66.25, 7.25 and 19.52, respectively, all P〈0.05）.Conclusion PIH causes great harm to pregnant women and infants, and the influence on pregnancy outcomes is increasing with the severity of disease.Vigorous popularizing health care knowledge at pregnancy period and early detection, diagnosis, treatment and control can effectively improve the maternal and neonatal prognosis.