上海市某街道托幼机构儿童单纯性肥胖的危险因素分析

目的  分析上海市某街道托幼机构儿童单纯性肥胖的危险因素，为社区制订预防儿童肥胖疾病发生提供科学依据。 方法  对虹梅街道3所托幼机构共490名3~6岁儿童采用身高体重测量法进行肥胖筛查，以筛查出的48名单纯性肥胖儿童作为研究病例，采用1：1配对，选出48名健康儿童作为对照。对96名儿童进行连续3d的24h膳食营养、家庭基本情况及生活行为习惯的问卷调查，数据进行双录入，并运用软件对数据库进行分析。 结果  按“儿童健康监测”软件评价，得到肥胖检出率为9.80％（48/490），其中男童10.00％，女童9.62％，肥胖主要分布在5~6岁年龄段的儿童，肥胖儿童以轻度肥胖为主（58.33％）。经病例对照研究发现，膳食营养、特殊饮食习惯、家族遗传倾向和不好运动是儿童单纯性肥胖的主要影响因素。 结论  虹梅街道的儿童单纯性肥胖检出率高于上海市同龄儿童的平均水平，与肥胖相关的危险因素主要是营养摄入量多同时缺乏体育活动，以及家族遗传性和平时喜吃肉类食品等饮食习惯。

Analysis on the risk factors for simple obesity in children from community kindergartens in Shanghai

Objective  To investigate the risk factors for simple obesity in children from community kindergartens in Shanghai City in order to supply scientific evidence for prevention and management of this condition on community basis. Methods  A total of 490 children, aged 3 to 6 years from 3 separate community kindergartens, were subjected to obesity screening by measuring their height and weight. Forty-eight children were finally screened as simple obesity, and another 48 healthy children were included as case-controls. The two groups of children were provided with 24-hour dietary nutrition for consecutive 3 days, received questionnaire response, including their family information as well as living styles and behaviors. The data obtained were double entry into the computer and analyzed with a specific statistical software for child health monitoring. Results  The average obesity rate in children was 9.80% (48/490), in which 10% were boys and 9.62%, girls. Simple obesity appeared more prevalent in children aged 5 to 6 years, yet its severity was primarily mild(58.33%). The major risk factors were associated with dietary nutrition, individual dietary habits, family genetic and lack of exercises. Conclusion  The simple obesity rate in children from Hongmei community seems over the average level of Shanghai City. The risk factors for prevalence of simple obesity in these kindergartens are associated with excessive intake of nutritional foods, lack of regular exercise, family genetic and daily favor to meat.