高原冲击伤和复合伤后主要脏器的病理学变化

目的观察动物高原冲击伤和复合冲击伤伤后主要脏器的形态学变化。方法采用大体、光镜和电镜的方法观察不同致伤条件下63只成年猪伤后6h的肺脏、小肠及心脏的病理变化。结果损伤动物大体解剖可见明显肺出血、肺水肿。镜下见不同程度的肺泡内出血，水肿液填充，肺泡壁断裂并相互融合；肺泡壁的超微结构显示肺泡细胞线粒体空泡变、毛细血管内皮破坏等。以出血为主的肠道损伤明显可见。结论严重的肺出血、肺水肿可能是高原冲击伤动物早期死亡的主要原因。动物伤情的严重程度与高原冲击波的峰值压力密切相关。

Changes in Morphology of Main Viscera after Blast Injury in Swine in Plateau

Objective To observe the changes in the morphology of the viscera after the blast injury. Methods The lungs, small intestines and heart of 63 adult swine taken 28 hours after the blast injury were observed respectively by gross examination, light microscope(LM) and electron microscope (EM). Results The gross examination showed that there were clear hemorrhage and edema in the lungs of all the animals. Under LM the alveolar cavities were filled with edematous fluid and the bloody compolnents. The part of alveolar walls ruptured and two or more alveolar cavities fused into a bigger one. Under EM the mitochondria of alveolar epithelilum cells were vacuolarly degenerated and some capillary endothelium cells were predominantly broken. The some fibres of the cardiac muscles broke and their arrangement was disturbed. Hemorrhage was the pathological feature of the small intertines. Conclusions The severe pulmonary hemorrhage and edema may be the main cause of early death in the animals with blast injury in the plateau. The severeness of blast injury to the viscera was closely related to blast parameters(peak pressure).