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Rapid identification and sorting of viable virus-reactive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells based on antigen-triggered CD137 expression
Authors:Wehler Thomas C  Karg Michael  Distler Eva  Konur Abdo  Nonn Marion  Meyer Ralf G  Huber Christoph  Hartwig Udo F  Herr Wolfgang
Affiliation:Department of Medicine III — Hematology and Oncology, Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55101 Mainz, Germany
Abstract:Current methods for the detection and isolation of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells require the availability of peptide/MHC multimers or are restricted to cells that produce cytokines after antigen contact. Here we show that de novo cell surface expression of the TNF-receptor family member CD137 (4-1BB) identifies recently activated, but not resting, human CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells. Maximum CD137 expression level is uniformly observed in both T-cell subsets at 24h after stimulation with antigen. In experiments with CMV and EBV-reactive T cells, we confirmed the specificity of CD137 expression by co-staining with peptide/HLA tetramers. Substantial proportions of CD137+ T cells did not produce IFN-γ, suggesting that CD137 detects a broader repertoire of antigen-specific T cells. Activated CD137+ T cells could be easily purified by MACS and expanded in vitro thereafter. This CD137-based enrichment method was capable of isolating 2-fold higher numbers of anti-viral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells compared to the IFN-γ secretion assay. In conclusion, antigen-triggered CD137 expression allows the rapid detection and sorting of virus-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The CD137 assay is most attractive for the simultaneous targeting of anti-viral T helper and effector cells in monitoring studies and adoptive immunotherapy trials.
Keywords:CMV, cytomegalovirus   EBV, Epstein-Barr virus   HD, healthy donor   ICS, intracellular cytokine staining   IFN, interferon   mAb, monoclonal antibody   MACS, magnetic-activated cell sorting   PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells   pHLA, peptide/HLA   TNF, tumor necrosis factor
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