肠道致病菌暴发事件中分子分型技术的应用

目的探讨建立快速敏感的肠道病原菌的诊断分型方法。方法2002年7月用脉冲场电泳胶（PFGE）与噬菌体分型实验方法对发生在日本静冈县的4起暴发事件中29株宋内志贺菌（Shigella.sonnei）分离株与1999年口本静冈县某区现场分离的12株肠出血性大肠埃希菌（enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli,EHEC）O157：H7菌株进行分型。结果4起事件中Shigetta．sonnei的PFGE结果显示,同起事件的DNA条带几乎一致;2起EHEC O157：H7暴发事件中,同起事件的PFGE条纹几乎一致,而3株散发菌株的PFGE条纹各异;12株EHEC O157：H7噬菌体分型结果也显示了比较好的分型力。结论PFGE具有分型能力强、重复性好等特点,能直观地判断肠道致病菌的亲缘关系,及时查明暴发流行的传染源,从而有效控制疫情的蔓延。

Application of pulse field gel electrophoresis in molecular typing method on dealing with the outbreak of intestinal pathogen

OBJECTIVE: To explore and establish fast and sensitive typing diagnostic methods on intestinal pathogen. METHODS: All 29 isolates of Shigella. sonnei and 12 strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC O157:H7) isolated in 1999 were carried out for typing by using pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and phage typing. RESULTS: PFGE results of 4 outbreak incidents caused by Shigella. sonnei showed that the PFGE patterns of the strains isolated from the same incident were almost the same. It was also the same during analysing the 2 outbreak incidents caused by EHEC O157:H7, however, the PFGE patterns of the 3 individual strains of EHEC O157:H7 were different. Moreover, the phage typing method showed its fine typing ability while its being used in the analysing 12 strains of EHEC O157:H7. CONCLUSION: The fine typing ability and reliability of PFGE was helpful for finding out the heredity background of intestinal pathogen and the infectious resource of the outbreak. And the epidemic situation might thus be effectively prevented from spreading.