经胸二维及三维超声心动图观察心房颤动患者左心房及肺静脉结构改变

目的 应用经胸二维及三维超声心动图观察心房颤动(房颤)患者左心房及肺静脉结构改变.方法 对126例患者进行检查,其中窦性心律(窦律)组64例,房颤组62例,房颤组依据病史进一步分为阵发房颤组及非阵发房颤组.首先进行二维超声检查,测量并计算左心房前后径(LAD)、左心房面积(LAA)、左心房容积(LAV).应用三维全容积显像测量肺静脉直径.结果 房颤组4支肺静脉直径较窦律组明显增宽,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在房颤患者中,非阵发房颤组4支肺静脉直径显著大于阵发房颤组(P＜0.05).窦律组、阵发房颤组、非阵发房颤组组内各支肺静脉比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).房颤组与窦律组比较、非阵发房颤组与阵发房颤组比较,LAD、LAA、LAV明显增大(P＜0.05).结论 房颤患者心房增大,肺静脉增宽,非阵发房颤患者肺静脉增宽更明显.经胸二维及三维超声心动图町以无创观察房颤患者左心房及肺静脉结构改变.

Changes of left atrium and pulmonary veins in patients with atrial fibrillation by transthoracic two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography

Objective To observation the changes of left atrium and pulmonary veins(PV)in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF) by transthoracic two-and three-dimensional echocardiography. Methods Transthoracic echocardiography were applied in 126 patients,which were divided into sinus rhythm(SR) group(64 cases)and AF group(62 cases),AF group were further divided into two subgroups:the paroxysmal AF and non-paroxysmal AF group.Left atrial area(LAA),left atrial volume(LAV),left atrial diameter(LAD)were measured by 2-dimensional echocardiography imaging.PV diameters were measured by three-dimensional echocardiography. Results Compared with SR group,PV diameters were significantly increased in AF group(P＜0.05).In patients with AF,PV diameters in non-paroxysmal AF group were larger than paroxysmal AF group.The four PV diameters in SR,paroxysmal AF and non-paroxysmal AF group did not show statisticant difference(P＞0.05).Compared with SR group,LAD,LAA,LAV were increased in AF group.LAD,LAA,LAV were larger in non-paroxysmal AF group than SR group and paroxysmal AF group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Left atrium and PV dilate significantly in patients with AF,transthoracic echocardiography could be a non-invasive method to observe left atrium and PV.