真核生物翻译起始因子5A的结构与功能研究进展

真核生物翻译起始因子5A（eIF5A）是公认的维持细胞活性必不可少的翻译起始因子,其序列从古细菌到哺乳动物都是高度保守的。eIF5A是唯一的发生依赖多胺精胺翻译后修饰[生物学上称为羟腐胺赖氨酸作用（hy-pusination）过程]的真核生物细胞内蛋白质。本文主要着眼于eIF5A的结构特征和生物学功能,综述了eIF5A和hypusination在各种组织中控制细胞循环和凋亡的过程及eIF5A最新的研究结果。

Structure and function of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A:recent progress in research

Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A （eIF5A）, a putative translation initiation factor, is essential for cell viability and is highly conserved from archaebaeteria to mammals. This factor is the only cellular protein that undergoes an essential post-translational modification dependent on the polyamine spermidine, called hypusination. This review focuses on the structural characterization and the functional characterization of eIF5A. Although this protein was originally identified as a translation initiation factor, subsequent studies did not support the role of eIFSA in general translation initiation. Next, the involvement of eIFSA and hypusination in the control of the cell cycle and apoptosis in various tissues is reviewed. Finally, recent research development concerning the role of eIFSA is discussed.