动静力失衡性大鼠颈椎间盘组织形态学及超微结构

[目的]动态观察大鼠颈部动、静力失去平衡后颈椎间盘组织形态学及超微结构的改变。[方法]SD大鼠60只，随机分为3、5、7个月模型组和对照假手术组，每组10只，通过破坏大鼠颈部肌肉、韧带诱导颈椎间盘退变，按月取材。各组椎间盘HE、Toluidine blue染色，在光镜下观察用体视学分析软件、Dissector自动计数法分析软骨终板内血管芽的数量、面积和软骨终板的厚度，Miyamoto分级法综合评判颈椎间盘退变的程度；透射电镜观察椎间盘细胞凋亡的超微结构。[结果]与对照假手术组比较，3个月造模组动物颈椎间盘已开始退行性变化，纤维环板层结构紊乱，关节软骨钙化层增厚，软骨下血管明显减少；5个月模型组髓核完全纤维化，纤维环板层状结构消失，血管芽稀少，血管壁充血曲张；7个月模型组椎间盘内部结构与5个月模型组相似，部分椎体边缘骨赘形成。在电镜下，3个月造模组椎间盘细胞，细胞表面突起减少，细胞器稀少，胞质内有脂滴，可见到凋亡细胞形成的凋亡小体。5个月和7个月模型组椎间盘组织中细胞较少，基质中胶原纤维断裂，可见到许多坏死空化的细胞。[结论]模型组大鼠颈椎间盘都出现典型的退变形态学变化，随着造模月份的延长退变程度越严重；早期和中期退变椎间盘中可观察到凋亡细胞，在退变的晚期可观察到坏死细胞。

Histomorphology and ultrastructure in the rat model with cervical vertebral unbalance of dynamic and static force

[Objective]To observe the histomorphology and ultrastructure of the intervertebral disc(I D) in the rat model with cervical vertebral unbalance of dynamic and static force.[Method]Sixty SD rates were randomly divided into 4 groups: 3 months,5 months,7 months and the control group.The cervical I D degeneration model was made by destroying the neck muscle of rats and the tissues wer collected every month.The number,area and thickness of the cartilage end-plate were measured by the means of Miyamoto's Classes.The ultrastructure of the apoptosis cells of the intervertebral disc was observed under the electron microscope.[Result]Compared with the control group,the 3 months group showed degeneratin changes,with disordered structure of the annular fibrosis and thickness increase of calcification layer and decrease of blood vessel unmber in the cartilage layer.Complete fibrosis was found in nucleus pulposus in 5 months model group,with the fibro lamellar structure disappeared and few blood vessel buds.The features of 7 months model group was similar to 5 months and osteophyma had been formed near the bordr of part intervertebal.Under the electron microscope,the number of surface projection and organelles was decreased.Fatty drop and apoptotic body could be seen in disc cells of 3 month model group.Few cells,broken collagen fibers in ECM and more cavitation cells for necrosis in 5 months and 7months model groups could be seen.[Conclusion]The cervical I D of model groups has shown typical morphological changes of degeneration and this trend was more serious with the time passing.In the early and middle stage of degeneration,the apoptosis cells can be seen,but in the terminal stage the cellular necrosis was more common.