Ⅱ型糖尿病患者医院感染危险因素研究

目的 探讨Ⅱ型糖尿病患者医院感染发病情况、危险因素及预防措施。方法 采用回顾性调查的方法,分析Ⅱ型糖尿病患者医院感染发生率及其相关危险因素。结果 418例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者中,发生医院感染66例,感染率为15.79％,高于同期医院平均医院感染发病率4.18％(P<0.01);病原菌中,G~-杆菌占61.91％;医院感染主要与住院时间长,原发病控制情况(尿酮体),有并发症及治疗措施(应用抗菌药物和激素、侵入性医疗操作)等有关。结论 Ⅱ型糖尿病患者医院感染发病率高于平均医院感染发病率,G~-杆菌是主要病原菌。积极控制血糖,防治并发症,合理应用抗菌药物,尽量避免侵入性医疗操作和注意提高患者免疫力等,是防治Ⅱ型糖尿病患者发生医院感染的有效措施。

Risk factors nosocomial infection in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus

Objective To evaluate the nosocomial infection incidence, risk factors, and preventive measures of type II diabetes mellitus. Methods The nosocomial infection incidence and risk factors were investigated by retrospective methods. Results Sixty-six of 418 typeII diabetes mellitus patients (15.79%) developed nosocomial infection, which was higher than the average nosocomial infection rate of 4.18%, the main pathogens were Gram-negative bacilli (61.91%). Nosocomial infection was associated with the following factors; the length of hospitalization, primary diseases, complication, the usage of antimicrobial agents and hormone and invasive operations. Conclusion The nosocomial infection incidence of typeII diabetes mellitus is higher than the average incidence, Gram-negative bacilli were main pathogens, the effective measures to prevent and control nosocomial infection in type II diabetes mellitus patients are control of blood sugar, prevention of complication, less invasive operation and improvement of immunity.