妊娠期糖代谢异常的发病情况及相关因素探讨

目的了解妊娠期糖代谢异常的发生率，探讨其相关因素，为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性研究的方法，收集2006年4月至2006年9月在本院产科门诊产检并行50g口服葡萄糖筛查试验（oral glucose challengetest，OGCT）的2020例孕妇的临床资料，进行统计分析。结果以50g OGCT≥7．8mmol／L为临界值，本组患者OGCT结果显示，妊娠期糖代谢异常的发生率为8．51％（172／2020）。本研究将个体的年龄、文化程度、孕前和行50g OGCT时，体重是否超重（体重≥80kg）或肥胖（BMI≥28kg／m^2），是否有糖尿病家族史，确定为妊娠期糖代谢异常的相关因素。对50g OGCT≥7．8mmol／L的患者进行Logistic回归分析发现，年龄越大（超过35岁），文化程度高（为研究生及以上者），糖代谢筛查时体重指数高（BMI≥28kg／m^2）及有糖尿病家族史，为妊娠期糖代谢异常发病的独立危险因素。结论妊娠期糖代谢异常的发生率较高，应根据相关因素对其进行积极干预。

The Incidence and Associated Factors of Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

Objective To investigate the incidence and associated factors of abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnancy, and provide scientific theoretical foundations for preventing measures. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 2 020 pregnant women who underwent the 50 g oral glucose challenge test （OGCT） from April to September in 2006 in our hospital, and their clinical data were analyzed. Results Using OGCT≥7. 8 mmol/L was the cutoff, the incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnancy was 8.51 %. The associated factors of abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnancy were age, culture level, whether or not overweight （weight≥80 kg） or obesity（BMI≥28 kg/m^2） at the time of progestation and checked, the family medical history of diabetes. Logistic regression analysis showed age, academic degrees, BMI of progestation and family medical history of diabetes are risk factors of abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnancy. Conclusion The prevalence rate of abnormal glucose metabolism in pregnancy is higher. Some directional preventive measures should be used.