浙江海岛渔民人群吸烟、饮酒与高脂血症的关系

目的 探讨渔民人群吸烟、饮酒与高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症之间的关系。方法应用现况调查结合病例对照研究的方法，随机抽取115名海岛渔民，按血脂检测结果分为病例组和对照组。采用流行病学问卷调查表的形式，详细调查其个人一般情况及吸烟、饮酒史，用单因素及其统计学分析方法比较吸烟(饮酒)组与对照组间脂蛋白和载脂蛋白(apo)水平差异及吸烟和饮酒对高脂血症的OR值。结果 吸烟组的OR值为3．417(95％CI：1．132～10．308)，吸烟指数与高脂血症患病具有明显的剂量效应关系，吸烟组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL—C)和apoB的水平高于对照组。开始饮酒年龄≤20岁及年饮酒精量≥15000m者，对高脂血症的oR值分别为4．016(95％CI：1．475～10．952)及3．275(95％CI：1．249～8．580)，酗酒渔民LDL—C、apoB、总胆固醇(TC)／高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL—C)水平高于对照组，吸烟且饮酒者其OR值高于单吸烟或单饮酒者。结论 吸烟和酗酒是高脂血症的重要危险因素，其主要通过影响LDL—C、apoB水平导致高脂血症发生。吸烟及酗酒对高脂血症的发生具有协同作用。

Study on the relationship between smoking, alcohol intake and hyperlipidemia in fishermen

Objective To identify the relationship between smoking, alcohol intake and hyperlipidemia in fishermen. Methods 115 fishermen were randomly recruited and divided into case and control groups according to the result of blood lipoprotein. A questionnaire was used to record general information and the history of smoking and alcohol intake. Statistics were gathered to compare the difference of lipoprotein and apolipoprotein level between exposure and control groups and to calculate the OR value of smoking and alcohol intake. Results The OR of smoking was 3.417 (95% CI : 1.132- 10.308 ),with significant dosage-effect relationship between smoking index and hyperlipidemia.The serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and apolipoprotein(apo)B levels in smoking group was higher than that of control group.The OR value of alcohol intake at early age(early than 20) were 3.275 (95% CI : 1.249- 8.580 ) and 4.016 (95% CI : 1.475- 10.952 ) respectively.The LDL-C,apoB,the serum total cholesterol(TC)/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) levels in alcohol abuse group were higher than that of control group.Conclusion Smoking and alcohol abuse were important risk factors of hyperlipidemia, through changing the level of LDL-C and apoB. There was synergistic action between smoking and alcohol abuse in the development of hyperlipidemia.