Problem based learning in the clinical setting--a systematic review

Problem based learning (PBL) is widely utilised as a curricula modality within the health professions and extensive literature exists to support its application. Recently nurse educators have embarked on the PBL journey as a method of contextualizing theory into practice in the classroom and clinical setting. The University of Queensland, in partnership with key health care providers, introduced an innovative undergraduate nursing curriculum in 2004. The curriculum incorporates problem based learning, clinical skills sessions, lectures and clinical practice as part of an intense weekly program from first year onwards. The program facilitates integration of evidence based theoretical and clinical knowledge driven by the PBL philosophy. However, in reality is PBL utilised by clinicians as a method of clinical teaching in undergraduate health professional programs? A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to answer this question revealing a paucity of evidence supporting or confirming the application of PBL in the clinical setting. The findings of this review highlight the current gaps in the PBL literature, supporting further research into the role of PBL as a teaching strategy for undergraduate nurses in the clinical practice setting.