In vitro antiplasmodial activity of spiro benzofuran compound from mangrove plant of Southern India

ObjectiveTo find out the in vitro antipalsmodial activities of mangrove leaf extracts.MethodsIn vitro antiplasmodial assay was carried out with 13 different mangrove plants. Column chromatography was performed with the most potent Agecerious corniculatum (A. corniculatum) by using various solvent extractions. GC-MS was also preformed with the most potent ethanolic fraction of the A. corniculatum extract.ResultsOf the 13 mangroves plants, A. corniculatum showed maximum percentage of parasitemia suppression (94.98 ± 1.16)%. Column chromatography was performed with A. corniculatum with different solvents and the methanolic extract showed maximum percentage (99.73±1.63)% of parasitemia inhibition at 150 μg/mL concentration with the IC₅₀ value of (29.28±3.23) μg/mL concentration. The results of the GC-MS analysis observed that, the most potent methanolic extract showed maximum retention time (30.687 RT) and the chemical class was identified as Spiro [benzofuran-2(3 H), 1′(3 cyclohexane)-2′,3-dione, 7-chloro-4′,6] which was responsible for the antiplasmodial activity.ConclusionsIt is concluded from the present study that, the chemical constituents of A. corniculatum collected from Pichavaram mangrove forest can be used as a putative antiplasmodial drugs in future.