氨茶碱联合苯巴比妥钠防治早产儿呼吸暂停的疗效观察及护理

目的:观察氨茶碱联合苯巴比妥钠防治早产儿呼吸暂停的疗效。方法:将126例早产儿随机分为对照组42例,苯巴比妥钠组40例,氨茶碱+苯巴比妥钠组44例。对照组采取常规治疗及护理方法;苯巴比妥钠组在患儿出生后6 h内据医嘱予苯巴比妥钠20 mg/kg静脉注射,24 h后给予5 mg/kg静脉注射,每天1次,连用6 d;氨茶碱+苯巴比妥钠组在前两组基础上据医嘱给予氨茶碱5 mg/kg负荷量稀释后静脉滴注,静滴时间>15 min,12 h后予氨茶碱1.5 mg/kg维持治疗,每12 h静脉滴注1次,连用6 d。及时记录每例患儿的呼吸情况。比较三组早产儿呼吸暂停的发生次数、程度及机械通气例数。结果:氨茶碱+苯巴比妥钠组呼吸暂停的次数和严重程度评分低于苯巴比妥钠组和对照组(P<0.05);机械通气率低于对照组与苯巴比妥钠组(P<0.05);死亡率虽较前两组低,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:氨茶碱联合苯巴比妥钠能减少早产儿呼吸暂停的次数和程度,降低早产儿的死亡率。

The observation and nursing of aminophylline joint phenobarbital in the prevention of respiratory pause of prematare infants.

Objective：To observe the efficacy of aminophylline joint phenobarbital premature infants with respiratory pause. Methods ：126 eases of preterm children were randomly divided into three groups ,42 cases of the control group, phenobarbital group of 40 patients, aminophylline combined phenobarbital group of 44 cases. The control group take regular treatment and nursing methods ,the phenobarbital group take phenobarbital 20 mg/kg intravenous within six hours after the birth of the infant according to the doctor＇s orders,5 mg/kg intravenous injection after 24 hours, once a day, six days in a row. The amin- ophylline combined phenobarbital group give intravenous infusion of aminophylline 5 mg/kg after dilution on the basis of the first two groups according to the doctor＇s oders, the time of intravenous infusion more than 15 minutes, after 12 hours give aminophylline 5 mg/kg maintenance treatment, intravenous infu- sion in every 12 hours ,for six days. Recording the breathing situation of each infant in time. To compare the numbers of cases the occurrence of respiratory pause, the extent and mechanical ventilation among the three groups of preterm infants. Results：The apnea frequency and severity score in aminophylline combined phenobarbital group was lower than phenobarbital sodium group and the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Mechanical ventilation rate was lower than that of control group （ P 〈 0.05 ） and phenobarbital sodium group, mortality rate was lower than other two groups, there was no significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Aminophylline joint phenobarbital can reduce the frequency and degree of respiratory pause of preterm infants, reduce the mortality of prema- ture children.