Developments in cardiovascular ultrasound. Part 2: Arterial applications |
| |
Authors: | Dr. P. R. Hoskins P. J. Fish W. N. McDicken C. Moran |
| |
Affiliation: | (1) Department of Medical Physics & Medical Engineering, Royal Infirmary, EH3 9YW Edinburgh, UK;(2) School of Electronic Engineering & Computer Science, University of Wales, Dean Street, LL57 1VT Bangor, Wales, UK |
| |
Abstract: | Many of the changes resulting from arterial disease can be measured, using Doppler ultrasound for measurement of blood velocity and B-scan imaging for measurement of tissue structure and composition. Wall thickness, the degree of arterial narrowing and plaque volume can be measured using B-scan imaging, and 3D ultrasound can be used to improve the accuracy of measurements of plaque volume and for improved visualisation of complex arterial geometries. Measurement of the dynamic properties of the arterial wall permits estimation of wall elasticity and plaque motion. From the Doppler signal, measurements of blood velocity are used to estimate the degree of arterial narrowing and volumetric flow, although measurement errors can be large. Wall shear stress can be estimated by measuring the velocity gradient at the vessel wall. The problems of inadequate spatial resolution and interference from overlying tissue are largely removed when intravascular systems are used, and these have superior capability in the assessment of arterial structure and tissue composition. However, measurement of quantities relating to blood flow is more difficult using the intravascular approach, as the indwelling cather disturbs the blood flow pattern, and currently, assessment of flow and vessel cross-section are not performed at the same site. |
| |
Keywords: | Arterial stenosis Atherosclerosis B-scan imaging Doppler ultrasound Velocity measurement Wall motion |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|