长沙市6～12岁儿童高血压诊断标准、患病现状及其影响因素研究

目的：探讨长沙市6~12岁儿童高血压诊断标准、患病现状及其影响因素。方法分层随机抽样调查湖南长沙市3个区10所小学1404名6～12岁儿童的血压、性别、年龄、民族、户口类型、体质量指数（BMI）出生体重、分娩方式、早产儿、父亲生育年龄、母亲生育年龄、父亲学历、母亲学历、父亲BMI指数、母亲BMI指数、父亲高血压、母亲高血压、家族高血压史，高血压及高血压前期的诊断标准采用ESC/ESH指南。结果长沙市1408名儿童高血压及高血压前期共检出180例，占比12.8%，随着年龄的增加，高血压及高血压前期SBP及DBP诊断临界点逐渐上升，Logistic分析显示超重儿童高血压发病率是正常儿童的1.844倍，95%CI：1.049～4.659，肥胖儿童高血压发病率是正常儿童的3.629倍，95%CI：1.487～9.116，P<0.05；超重儿童高血压前期发病率是正常儿童的1.697倍，95%CI：1.014～4.087，肥胖儿童高血压发病率是正常儿童的3.225倍，95%CI：1.224～7.468，P<0.05。结论长沙市6～12岁儿童高血压检出率为6.0%，高血压前期检出率为6.8%，超重及肥胖是影响儿童高血压及高血压前期发病的危险性因素。

Diagnostic Criteria,Prevalence Situation and Influencing Factors of Hypertension in 6~12 Years Children in Changsha City

Objective To explore the diagnostic criteria ,prevalence Situation and Influencing Factors of hypertension in 6~12 years children in Changsha City.Methods Stratified random three zones in Changsha City,HuNan 10 primary schools 1404 children aged 6~12,the sex,age,ethnicity,household type,body mass index(BMI) birth weight,mode of delivery,preterm children, birth father age,mothers of childbearing age,father education,mother education,father BMI index,BMI index mother,father,high blood pressure,maternal hypertension,family history of hypertension,high blood pressure and pre-hypertension were been investi-gated.the diagnostic criteria was used ESC/ESH guidelines.Results The hypertension and prehypertension were detected 180 cas-es,accounting for 12.8%in 1408 children in Changsha.with increasing age,the SBP and DBP diagnose critical point of hypertension and pre-hypertension were rises gradually,the logistic analysis showed that The hypertension incidence rate in high overweight children was 1.844 times than the normal children,95% CI: 1.049~4.659,the incidence rate of hypertension in obese children is 3.629 times than the normal children,95%CI:1.487-9.116,P<0.05;the prehypertension incidence rate in high overweight children was 1.697 times than the normal children,95% CI: 1.014~4.087,the incidence of prehypertensio in obese children is 3.225 times than the normal children,95% CI: 1.224~7.468,P<0.05.Conclusion The hypertension rate in children 6~12 years old in Chang-sha City was 6.0%,the prehypertension detection rate was 6.8%overweight and obesity is risk factors affecting children of hyperten-sion and pre-hypertension incidence.