麻风畸残患者实施自我护理3年效果

目的：探讨麻风畸残患者自我护理效果。方法：989例麻风残疾患者进行自我护理训练，发放自我护理手册和图解，提供必要的自我护理包，并定期随访3年。结果：患者红眼、眼痛、手皲裂、手溃疡、足皲裂、足溃疡等麻风继发性畸残分别较治疗前下降了78．95％、89．02％、91．86％、90．90％、93．85％和38．67％。且有87．06％的患者形成了自我护理行为。说明自我护理可被患者接受．而且效果肯定。结论：自我护理是预防和治疗麻风继发性畸残的重要手段。专业医务人员对患者的健康教育技巧、患者家属和乡村医生日常督导以及适宜的康复器材供应是治疗的关键．同时应开展小外科和矫形手术治疗以解决患者严重的兔眼和足底溃疡问题。

Effects of Self-care for People Affected by Leprosy with Disabilities for 3 Years

Objective: To investigate the effects of self-care for people affected by leprosy with disabilities. Methods: 989 cases of leprosy with disabilities received self-care training for 3 years under the guidance of self-care manual and iconograph and followed up regularly. Results:Compared with those before treatment, the incidence of secondary impairments including red eyes, eye pain, cracks in hands, ulcers in hands, cracks on foot, ulcers on foot was decreased by 78.95 %, 89.02 %, 91.86 %, 90.90 %, 93.85 % and 38.67 % respectively after treatment for 3 years. In addition, 87.06 % of these patients have gotten the good behaviors of self-care by the end of the project. Conclusion: Self-care was the key way to treat and prevent the secondary impairments of the leprosy patients with disabilities. Successful implementation of self-care is based on the skills of health education done by professional staff, daily supervision carried out by family members and paramedical staff, and offering suitable facilities for people affected by leprosy with disabilities and impairments as well. Meanwhile, simple surgery and plastic surgery are needed respectively by people affected by leprosy with severe lagophthalmos and plant ulcers on foot.