内毒素性休克早期猕猴肾脏超微结构的改变及酶细胞化学观察

目的：探讨内毒素休克早期猕猴肾脏的损伤.方法：11只猕猴随机分成2组：对照组5只,静脉注射生理盐水;内毒素组6只,静脉注射LPS,剂量为2.8 mg/kg.内毒素攻击后120 min,处死动物,取肾脏标本采用光镜、电镜铅离子捕获法做超微结构碱性磷酸酶（ALPase）及酸性磷酸酶（ACPase）细胞化学检查.结果：组织学观察显示肾髓质、皮质结构完整,肾小球结构完好;透射电镜可见模型组肾小球血管内皮和足突细胞损伤、血液成分渗出;肾小管上皮细胞损伤.肾实质细胞内溶酶体破坏;电镜酶细胞化学可见：模型组酸性磷酸酶活性增强,溶酶体颗粒增多.肾小管上皮细胞碱性磷酸酶活性急剧增强,在细胞器内弥散分布.对照组无明显病变.结论：在猕猴内毒素性休克早期,溶酶体增多和损伤引起了肾小球和肾小管损伤.在此同时,肾脏实质细胞内中和内毒素的作用也增强.

Ultrastructural changes and enzyme cytochemical observation in kidney of macaque with early-phase endotoxic shock

Objective: To evaluate the renal damages in macaque with early-phase endotoxic shock. Methods: Eleven macaques were randomly divided into two groups,control group (Co group, n = 5) and endotoxic group (En group, n = 6). The animals of the Co group were injected with 1 ml/kg normal saline and the subjects of En group received a dose of 2.8 mg/kg Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) through intraverous injection 120 min after LPS challenge. The ultrastructural changes in kidney were observed by electronic microscopy and the distribution of acid phosphatase (ACPase) and alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) in kidney were observed by cytochemistry on electron microscopy. Results: Renal medullae and cortex were intact, and so was glomerulus under histological detection in LPS animals. Endotoxin resulted in the damages of the cells in glomerulus and tubulirenales, including degeneration of endothelium and foot cells in glomerulus, the injury of epithelium in tubulirenales, the effusion of blood components and damaged lysosomes. The increase of lysosomes and their destruction in renal parenchyma were shown by ACPase cytochemical staining. The ALPase reactivity products were significantly increased and diffused to cytoplasm in epithelium of tubulirenales. Conclusion: The increased and damaged lysosomes cause the renal damages in the early phase of endotoxic shock in macaque. At the same time, the performance of LPS neutralization in kidney of macaques is up-regulated.