江苏省14个县(市、区)达到血吸虫病传播控制标准的效果评价

目的考核评估江苏省14个县(市、区)达到血吸虫病传播控制的防治效果。方法按照《血吸虫病防治地区达标考核评估方案》的要求,采取听汇报、查看资料和现场抽样调查相结合的方法进行考核评估。审核近2年以行政村为单位反映病情、螺情变化和防治工作等数据资料;按照分层抽样的原则,每县(市、区)分别在重、中、轻流行镇(乡、街道)中各抽取1个流行程度较重的行政村作为被考核村,调查常住人口和散养家畜病情以及近3年查出钉螺且人畜活动频繁环境的钉螺感染情况。结果 2007-2010年江苏省对14个县(市、区)进行了传播控制达标考核,现场抽查了39个镇(乡、街道)42个村。共计调查264个环境,1679.73hm2,39894框,捕获钉螺2179只;解剖全部活螺405只,未发现感染性钉螺。共计调查居民22147人,其中血清学检查22147人,阳性300人,阳性率为1.35%(0.30%～4.26%);粪检297人,未查到粪检阳性病人。共计调查家畜2931头(只),其中牛230头,猪2333头,羊368只,均未查到阳性。14县(市、区)均已建立了以行政村为单位,能反映当地血吸虫病病情、螺情等变化的血防档案资料。资料显示,14个县(市、区)均在考核前2年灭光了感染性钉螺,平均未查出感染性钉螺年份为2.71年(2～4年),所有被考核县(市、区)在考核前3年以上未发生急性血吸虫病。结论对照我国《血吸虫病控制和消灭标准》(GB15976-2006),江苏省14个县(市、区)均达到了血吸虫病传播控制标准。

Effect evaluation of transmission control of schistosomiasis in 14 counties (cities, districts) of Jiangsu Province

Objective To assess the control effect of transmission control of schistosomiasis in 14 counties (cities,districts) of Jiangsu Province. Methods According to the requirement of the national assessment scheme of schistosomiasis, the effect of schistosomiasis control was evaluated. The schistosomiasis morbidity and changes in Oncomelania snail status in recent 2 years were assessed. The field survey was done by using the stratified sampling method. A heavy-endemicity administrative village was randomly sampled from the townships with low, moderate and heavy endemicities in each county, respectively as the assessment villages. The morbidity in resident populations and free-grazing domestic animals and the snail infections in the settings where snails were detected and frequent human and domestic animal activities were observed in recent 3 years. Results During the period from 2007 through 2010, the transmission control effect of schistosomiasis was assessed in 14 counties (cities,districts) of Jiangsu Province, and field surveys were performed in 42 villages of 39 townships. A total of 264 settings, 1 679.73 hm2 and 39 894 frames were surveyed, and 2 179 snails were collected. Of the 405 living snails dissected, no infected snails were detected, and the snail infection rate was 0. Totally 22 147 residents were investigated. The serum examination of schistosome infection was performed in 22 147 residents, and 300 were sero-positive, with a sero-positive rate of 1.35% (0.30%-4.26%). The stool examination was done in 297 sero-positive cases, and no cases were stool-positive, with a stool-positive rate of 0. A total of 2 931 domestic animals were investigated, including 230 head of cattle, 2 333 pigs and 368 sheep, and no infections were detected. The files regarding the schistosomiasis morbidity and snail status have been established in 14 counties (cities,districts). All infected snails were killed in the 14 counties (districts, cities) 2 years prior to the assessment, and the mean time that no infected snails were detected was 2.71 years (2-4 years). No acute schistosomiasis patients were found in all 14 counties (districts, cities) more than 3 years prior to the assessment. Conclusion According to the Criteria for Control and Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (GB 15976-2006), the transmission of schistosomiasis in 14 countries (cities, districts) of Jiangsu Province has been controlled.