Non-invasive markers of gut wall integrity in health and disease |
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Authors: | Derikx Joep P M Luyer Misha D P Heineman Erik Buurman Wim A |
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Affiliation: | Joep PM Derikx, Misha DP Luyer, Erik Heineman, Wim A Buurman, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht & Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands;Joep PM Derikx, Misha DP Luyer, Department of Surgery, Orbis Medical Centre Sittard, 6162 BG, The Netherlands;Erik Heineman, Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands |
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Abstract: | The intestinal mucosa is responsible for the absorption of nutrients from the lumen and for the separation of the potentially toxic luminal content (external environment) from the host (internal environment). Disruption of this delicate balance at the mucosal interface is the basis for numerous (intestinal) diseases. Experimental animal studies have shown that gut wall integrity loss is involved in the development of various inflammatory syndromes, including post-operative or post-traumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and multiple organ failure. Assessment of gut wall integrity in clinical practice is still a challenge, as it is difficult to evaluate the condition of the gut non-invasively with currently available diagnostic tools. Moreover, non-invasive, rapid diagnostic means to assess intestinal condition are needed to evaluate the effects of treatment of intestinal disorders. This review provides a survey of non-invasive tests and newly identified markers that can be used to assess gut wall integrity. |
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Keywords: | Intestinal damage Markers Human Gut wall integrity |
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