酒驾者心理健康水平与应对方式、人格特征的研究

目的探讨酒驾者心理健康水平、应对方式、人格特征,及其应对方式、人格对心理健康的影响。方法运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、应对方式问卷(CSQ)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对60名酒驾者(研究组)和60名无酒驾史的同质驾驶员(对照组)进行调查及统计分析。结果除强迫因子外,酒驾者SCL-90总分及各因子得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。酒驾者CSQ中自责、幻想、退避因子分高于对照组,EPQ中精神质、神经质因子分高于对照组(P均<0.05)。酒驾者SCL-90结果与CSQ幻想、自责、退避呈正相关(r为0.334～0.556),与EPQ精神质、神经质人格呈正相关(r为0.285～0.515)。结论酒驾者存在较多的心理问题、不成熟的应对方式及神经质、精神质人格。为减少酒驾行为,应根据其心理特征、应对方式和人格特点针对性的干预。

Analysis on the relationship between mental health and coping style,personality character among drunk drivers

Objective To explore the relationship between mental health and coping style,personality characters among drunk drivers.Methods 60 drunk drivers（as study group）and 60 drivers without drunk driving history（as control group）were investigated by Symptom Check List 90（SCL-90）,Coping Styles Questionnaire（CSQ）,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ）,and comparative analysis were carried out.Results The total scores of SCL-90 and all factors except obsession factor in drunk driver were higher than that of control group（P0.05）.The CSQ scores of self-accusation,fantasy and retreat of study group were higher than of control group,and EPQ scores of neuroticism,psychoticism of study group were higher than of control group significantly（P0.05）.In study group,there were positive correlation between the scores of SCL-90 and the scores of self-accusation,fantasy and retreat in CSQ（r：0.334-0.556）.The scores of SCL-90 were positive related with the scores of neuroticism,psychoticism in EPQ（r：0.285-0.515）.Conclusion It is suggested that there were more psychological problem,immature coping style,neuroticism and psychoticism character among drunk drivers.The targeted intervention based on their psychological characteristics should be given to reduce drunk driving.