基于计划行为理论探讨冠心病患者戒烟意向的影响因素

目的利用计划行为理论探讨冠心病患者戒烟意向的影响因素,为促进冠心病患者戒烟工作开展提供参考。方法 2011年7月至2012年2月,采用方便抽样方法对北京市2所三级甲等医院心血管内科和呼吸内科诊治的264名冠心病患者进行问卷调查,调查问卷参考计划行为理论设计而成,主要包括戒烟意向、戒烟态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制和尼古丁依赖等几个项目内容;利用通径分析进行戒烟意向的影响因素及作用分析。结果戒烟态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制对戒烟意向起正向作用,尼古丁依赖对戒烟意向起负向作用。对戒烟意向作用大小依次为,知觉行为控制(0.343)、尼古丁依赖(-0.319)、戒烟态度(0.199)和主观规范(0.139)。结论针对冠心病患者戒烟工作,不应仅以宣传吸烟危害为主,而应从行为控制、尼古丁依赖、戒烟态度和主观规范方面入手,采取合理适当措施。

Influencing factors study on smoking cessation among patients with coronary heart disease based on theory of planned behavior

Objective To find influencing factors on smoking cessation among patients with coronary heart disease based on theory of planned behavior,and provide promotion suggestion for smoking cessation.Methods 264 of patients with coronary heart disease were participated in a questionnaire survey sampled randomly from two medicine departments of two first-class hospitals in Beijing from July,2011 to February,2012.The questionnaire was designed on theory of planned behavior including smoking cessation intention,attitude,subject norm,perceived behavior control and nicotine dependent.Path analysis was used to determine which factor had significance effect on smoking cessation and their effect level.Results Attitude,subject norm and perceived behavior control all had positive effect on intention of smoking cessation,while nicotine dependent had negative effect.The descending order of effect level of these factors were perceived behavior control（0.343）,nicotine dependent（-0.319）,attitude（0.199）and subject norm（0.139）.Conclusion The promotion of smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease should not only focus on propagating the dangers of smoking,but also take comprehensive intervention actions on perceived behavior control,nicotine dependent,attitude and subject norm among the patients.