北京市常住居民健康生活方式与行为素养水平影响因素理论验证分析

目的了解北京市居民健康生活方式与行为影响因素,尝试验证理论。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,对北京市2030名15～69岁常住居民进行问卷调查,包括一般情况、知识、行为和技能等。健康素养资料采用单因素分析和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果北京市常住居民健康生活方式与行为素养具备率为53.4%。多因素分析结果显示：女性（OR=1.865）、年龄较大（OR值分别为1.253、2.041、1.477和1.478）、文化程度较高（OR值分别为1.332和1.734）、月收入较高（OR=1.864）、具备健康基本知识和理念素养（OR=4.349）、具备健康基本技能素养（OR=2.159）是具备健康生活方式与行为素养的保护因素。结论拓宽健康行为研究视野,重视多学科的方法,加强行为问题理论研究,积极开发有效的干预措施,促进北京市居民健康生活方式与行为的全面提高。

Health behavior theory study on health behavior among the residents in Beijing

Objective To analyze the status of residents health behavior literacy in Beijing and explain the results by related behavior theory. Methods A multi-staged stratified cluster random sampling method was used to recruit 2030 residents. The questionnaire included information about social-demographic characters, health literacy and so on. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results The overall health behavior literacy level of residents was 53.4%. The logistic regression results showed influencing factors were female （ OR = 1. 865 ） , elder person （ OR = 1. 253, 2. 041, 1. 477, 1. 478, respectively）, higher education levels （ OR = 1. 332, 1. 734） and income （ OR = 1. 864）, health knowledge and attitude （ OR = 4. 349） and health skills （ OR = 2. 159）. Conclusion We should pay more attention to study multidisci- plinary approaches, strengthen theoretical study and develop effective interventions to improve the health behavior literacy among residents in Beijing.