1976-2006年大丰市居民伤害死亡趋势分析

目的了解大丰市1976—2006年居民因伤害引起的死亡现状,分析居民伤害死亡的趋势和特征,为制定伤害预防控制策略和措施提供科学依据。方法收集大丰市1976—2006年死因登记资料,用Joinpoint回归分析主要伤害死亡趋势,用Poisson回归分析性别、年龄和时间的伤害死亡率比。结果1976—2006年大丰市居民累计因伤害死亡13905人,年均死亡率为61.40/10万,其中男性死亡率为70.18/10万,女性为51.85/10万,男性高于女性（P〈0.05）。年均死亡率1976—1980年为67.96/10万,标化率为82.58/10万;2006年下降到42.37/10万,标化率为38.99/10万。引起伤害死亡的原因中位居前3位的分别是自杀、溺水和交通事故。0～14岁儿童青少年伤害死亡中溺水死亡率最高,为41.76/10万;15岁以上人群中伤害死亡以自杀和交通事故为主。31a间总的伤害死亡有下降趋势,其中自杀死亡波动较大,但仍有下降趋势;溺水死亡下降显著,死亡率从1976—1980年的27.74/10万下降到2006年的7.95/10万;交通事故死亡上升迅速,死亡率从1976—1980年的1.68/10万上升到2006年的19.34/10万。结论31a来大丰市居民伤害死亡率虽有下降趋势,但低年龄组人群伤害死亡所占构成比上升,交通事故死亡上升迅速,伤害仍然是危害居民生命健康的主要原因之一。

Study on the Trends of Injury Deaths in Dafeng Residents from 1976 to 2006

Objective To study the trends of injury mortality rates among residents in Dafeng city from 1976 to 2006, and provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling injure. Methods The death registry data from 1976 to 2006 in Dafeng city was collected and its injury death trends was analyzed with joinpoint regression method and the relationships of injury mortality rates with sex, age and time were analyzed with Poisson regression method. Results A total of 13905 cases died from injuries in Dafeng city from 1976 to 2006. The gross injury death rate was 61.40 per 100 000, 70.18 per 100 000 in male and 51.85 per 100 000 in female （P〈0.05）. From 1976 to 1980, the gross mortality rate of injures was 67.96, and its standardized mortality rate was 82.58 per 100 000; In year 2006, the rates descended to 42.37 and 38.99 per 100 000, respectively. The top three causes of injury deaths were suicide, drowning and traffic accidents. Mortality rate of drowning was the highest （41.76 per 100 000） in people aged from 0 to 14 yrs. Suicide and traffic accident were the main cause of injury death in people old than 30 yrs. From 1976 to 2006, the trends of death rates of all injuries and drowning was declined, and the death rates of suicide were fluctuant. The mortality rates of drowning declined from 27.74 to 7.95 per 100 000, but the mortality rates of traffic accidents increased from 1.68 to19.34 per 100 000 in the last thirty years. Conclusions Although the trends of mortality rates of injuries was declined, but the death rates of traffic accidents increased remarkably. Injury also is one of the most important harmful reasons for the people. The prevention and control for injuries will be emphasized for future disease control in the city.