我国5岁以下儿童及其母亲贫血状况及相关因素分析

目的 :　分析我国城市与农村 5岁以下儿童贫血状况、影响因素以及儿童贫血与母亲贫血的关系。方法 :　用 HEMOCUE光度计 ,测定指血血红蛋白。统计分析方法采用描述性与多因素 Logistic回归分析方法。结果 :　城市 5岁以下儿童贫血患病率 1 2 .2 8% ,农村 2 6.71 % ,全国平均 2 1 .67%。母亲贫血率城市 1 1 .8% ,农村 2 6.2 8% ,全国平均 2 0 .1 4%。通过 Logistic回归分析 ,1 8m以内婴幼儿贫血因素有 :哺母乳 OR=3 .92 ,母亲贫血 OR=2 .2 3 ,低出生体重 OR=1 .65 ,未加蛋类 OR=1 .3 8,未加奶类 OR=1 .5 4。 1 8～ 60个月儿童贫血因素有 :母亲贫血 OR=2 .74,哺母乳 OR=1 .87,生长迟缓 OR=1 .85 ,低体重 OR=1 .60。结论 :　我国农村 5岁以下儿童及母亲贫血率均高于城市。儿童贫血与低出生体重、辅食添加、哺母乳和母亲的营养状况都有密切关系。

THE STATUS OF ANEMIA IN CHILDREN UNDER 5 AND MOTHERS IN CHINA AND ITS FACTOR ANALYSIS

Objective: Mainly to analyse the status of anemia in children under 5 and mothers in urban and rural of China ,then the relationship between children and maternal anemia. Methods: Using Hemocue photometer to measure hemoglobin of finger blood. Results: Anemia prevalence of children under 5 was 12.28% in urban ,26.71% in rural , 21.67% in whole country and maternal anemia prevalence was 11.8% in urban, 26.28% in rural,20.14% in whole country. The results of Logistic regression on the influential factor of anemic children under 18 months were breastfeeding OR=3.92,maternal anemia OR=2.23, low weight OR=1.65, non feeding egg OR=1.38, non feeding milk OR= 1.54 , The results of Logistic regression in anemic children of 18 60 months were:maternal anemia OR= 2.74 , breastfeeding OR=1.87, stunting OR=1.85, under weight OR=1.60. Conclusion: Anemia prevalence of urban was higher than rural in the children under 5 and mothers.The causes of anemia in children under 5 were low birth weight?complementary feeding?breastfeeding and nutritional status of mother .