广东流浪儿童自我意识现状调查

 【目的】 了解流浪儿童自我意识发展状况,为更好的对流浪儿童进行心理干预提供参考。【方法】 以广东省154名11-16岁智力正常、无残疾的流浪儿童为实验组，同时按照流浪儿童的性别比例采用分层取样法选取246位11-16岁的广州市在校学生作为对照组，选用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表进行调查。【结果】 流浪儿童自我意识水平均低于常模组（p<0.001），其总分和行为、合群、幸福与满足、焦虑四个分量表得分也均低于当前在校学生组（p<0.001，p<0.05）。14-16岁流浪儿童组的自我意识总分和智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性、焦虑，合群四个分量表得分高于11-13岁流浪儿童组 (P<0.01或≤0.001)，不同文化程度的流浪儿童的自我意识水平存在差异。【结论】 对流浪儿童实施救助过程中，应针对不同年龄、性别和文化程度儿童的自我意识特征采取相应措施促进其自我意识的发展，从而提高流浪儿童的心理健康水平。

Self-concept investigation of Street children in Guangdong

Objective] To understand Self-concept situation of street children and provide reference for a better psychological intervention on them. Methods] Selected 154 street children of normal intelligence aged from 11 to 16 without disability in Guangdong province as subjects for the experimental group. According to the sex ratio of street children, 246 Guangzhou students aged from 11 to 16 were selected as the control group. Investigated two group both via Piers-Harris Children′s Self-concept Scale (PHCSS). Results] Guangzhou street children's self-concept level was lower than the national norm（p<0.001）. In total score, behavior, gregariousness, happiness and satisfaction，anxiety factors of PHCSS street children scored lower than the current group of school students（p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively）。The street children's scores of intelligence and behaving in school , Body figure and attribute, anxiety, gregariousness factors of PHCSS in the age group of 14-16 were higher than which in 11-13 age (P <0.01 or ≤ 0.001), The level of self-concept of street children was different because of their different education degrees.Conclusion] In the process of rescue to the street children, various methods for the characteristics of children’s self-concept about different age, gender and educational level should be used to promote the development of their self-concept , thereby enhancing the mental health of street children.