恶性胸腺瘤的临床病理特点

目的 探讨恶性胸腺瘤的形态特点、临床分期、治疗等与预后的关系。方法 回顾分析诊治的６４例恶性胸腺上皮肿瘤，按照Ｌｅｖｉｎｅ等提出的恶性胸腺瘤的标准分为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型，参照Ｍｕｌｌｅｒ－Ｈｅｒｍｅｌｉｎｋ等提出的组织学分型标准对ＭＴ进行分类，依Ｍａｓａｏｋａ提示的标准进行临床分期。 ＭＴ４１例，ＴＣ２３例。ＭＴ中无一例髓质型及混合型。皮质为主型、皮质型、分化好前胸腺癌、鳞癌及淋巴产癌５年生存率分别为７５

Clinico pathologic characteristics of malignant thymoma

OBJECTIVE: To assess the histopathology, clinical staging and treatment of malignant thymoma in relation to prognosis. METHODS: Sixty four cases with malignant epithelial thymic tumors treated in the period of 1958-1995 were retrospectively studied. Archived specimens were categorized according to Levine and Rosai into type I malignant thymoma(MT) and type II thymic carcinoma (TC). MT was histologically classified according to Müller-Hermelink(M-H). Clinical staging was ascertained according to Masaoka's criteria. RESULTS: There were 41 cases of MT and 23 cases of TC. No medullary or mixed thymoma was observed in this series of MT. The 5-year survival rate of patients with MT of predominantly cortical, cortical, and well-differentiated thymic carcinoma (MDTC) subtypes was 75.3%, 44.7% and 43.3%, respectively. That of patients with TC of squamous-cell carcinoma and lympho-epithelioid subtypes was 27.5% and 60.0%, respectively. The 10-year survival rate of these 5 subtypes was 25.3%, 10.0%, 0, 0, 20.0%, respectively(P < 0.05). The 5-year and 10-year survival rates decreased with increase in staging. In 22 patients in stage III and IV who received thoracotomy with biopsy only, their survival rate was significantly lower than that in patients with their tumor resected. CONCLUSION: Histomorphology of the tumor, heterogeneity in cell types, clinical staging and the extent of tumor resection are factors affecting survival.