中心静脉导管在心包积液穿刺和引流中的应用

目的探讨中心静脉导管置管技术在心包积液穿刺、引流中的应用,达到诊断、治疗、减少并发症的目的。方法对45例心包积液患者术前经二维超声心动图定位、定向并测定进针深度后,以Seldinger法进行心包穿刺置入中心静脉导管,连接无菌引流袋持续引流,必要时进行冲洗并注入相应的药物,观察疗效、安全性及不良反应。结果 45例病例均一次穿刺置管成功,导管留置时间5～15 d,引流量500～1500 ml,心包积液引流彻底,心包压塞症状消失,未出现严重并发症。结论应用中心静脉置管技术治疗心包积液安全、有效,由于该方法操作简单,取材方便,成功率高,明显减少不良反应,可替代传统穿刺方法,便于推广。

Central Venous Catheter for Pericardial Puncture and Drainage

Objective To investigate the application of the central venous catheter(CVC) in pericardial puncture and drainage.Methods Forty five cases with pericardial effusion were located and oriented by two-dimensional echocardiography before operations,and the puncture depth was measured.The CVC was put by Seldinger methods and connected with germicidal drainage bag.The washing and corresponding drug were added according to the necessary.Observe the effect,safety and bad complication.Results All patients were punctured and put CVC successfully.The line was kept for 5-15 days;the volume of the drainage fluid was 500-1500 ml.The effusion was drained completely.The tamponade symptoms were relieved.There was no serious complication.Conclusion CVC is a safe,effective and simple method for the pericardial effusion,with a high success rate,fewer adverse reactions,and convenient materials;it can be widely used in clinic instead of the traditional puncture methods.