精神分裂症患者家属心理健康状况调查及心理干预效果评价

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者家属的心理健康状况及心理干预效果.方法 对80名精神分裂症患者家属于患者入院3 d内采用症状自评量表评定心理健康状况,针对存在的心理问题予以有针对性的心理干预,于患者出院前再次对家属进行评定,并与国内常模进行对比分析.结果 患者家属入组时症状自评量表各项评分均显著高于国内常模(P＜0.05或0.01);心理干预后总分、阳性项目数、阳性项目均分及躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执因子分均显著低于干预前(P＜0.05或0.01),仅阳性项目数显著高于国内常模(P＜0.05),总分及其他因子分与国内常模差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 精神分裂症患者家属存在不同程度的心理问题,心理干预能显著提高家属的心理健康水平,对提高家庭支持度和促进患者的全面康复具有重要意义.

Surveys of psychological health status and effect of psychological intervention among schizophrenics' family members

Objective To explore psychological health status and the effect of psychological intervention in the family members of patients with schizophrenia. Methods Mental health conditions were assessed with the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） in 80 schizophrenics＇ families within 3 days after patients＇ admission, purposeful mental interventions were given to them according to their psycho-problems, they were＇assessed before patients＇ discharge again and compared with national norm. Results Each item scores of the SCL-90 in the families were significantly higher compared with national norm （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. The total score, positive items, mean score of positive items, somatization, interpersonal relation, depression, anxiety, phobia, paranoia score were all significantly lower after intervention compared with pre-interven- tion （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; only positive items were significantly higher （P〈0.05）, total and other factors＇ scores had no significant differences from national norm （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Schizophrenics＇ families have various degrees of psycho-problems, mental intervention could improve families＇ mental health level and is important for increasing families＇ support and promoting patients＇ comprehensive rehabilitation.